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Chinese Physics Letters

High-Resolution Rb Two-Photon Transition Spectroscopy by a Femtosecond Frequency Comb via Pulses Control

Yichi Zhang, Peng-Rui Fan, Jinpeng Yuan, Lirong Wang, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia

Published Nov 1, 2016• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We experimentally observe the high resolution direct frequency comb spectroscopy using counter-propagating broadband femtosecond pulses on two-photon transitions in room-temperature 87 Rb atoms. The Doppler broadened background is effectively eliminated with the pulse shaping method and the spectrum modulation technique. The combination of the pulse shaping method and the spectra modulation technique provides a potential approach to reduce background of at least 99%.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/33/11/113201

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We experimentally observe the high resolution direct frequency comb spectroscopy using counter-propagating broadband femtosecond pulses on two-photon transitions in room-temperature 87 Rb atoms. The Doppler broadened background is effectively eliminated with the pulse shaping method and the spectrum modulation technique. The combination of the pulse shaping method and the spectra modulation technique provides a potential approach to reduce background of at least 99%.
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The two-photon transition of 87{}^{87}87Rb ($5{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}4{D}_{3/2}$, $5{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}4{D}_{5/2}$) in a vapor cell is investigated with direct frequency-comb spectroscopy. When strong chirp is imposed on a frequency comb, it is found that the Doppler-free signal amplitude barely degrades despite a significant reduction in peak intensity. In addition, it is found that the Doppler-broadened signal is strongly dependent on the applied chirp. We present a simple model that explains this counterintuitive behavior based on the elongated spatial extent of chirped pulses. Keeping Doppler-free signals almost constant, Doppler-broadened background signals can be strongly suppressed with chirped-pulse excitations. Consequently, in the case of uniformly distributed target atoms, chirped-pulse direct frequency-comb spectroscopy can be a useful method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio in two-photon direct frequency-comb spectroscopy.
A two-photon transition in cold Rb atoms will be probed with a phase-coherent wide bandwidth femtosecond laser comb. Frequency domain analysis yields a high-resolution picture where phase coherence among various transition pathways through different intermediate states produces interference effects on the resonantly enhanced transition probability. This result is supported by the time domain Ramsey interference effect. The two-photon transition spectrum is analyzed in terms of the pulse repetition rate and carrier frequency offset, leading to a cold-atom-based frequency stabilization scheme for both degrees of freedom of the femtosecond laser.