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Laser Spectroscopy

Cooling Atoms with Extraresonant Stimulated Emission Below the Doppler Limit

Yaakov Shevy

Published Jan 1, 1989• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/b978-0-12-251930-7.50013-3

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The optical forces exerted on a slowly moving two-level atom in a standing wave are profoundly modified when the normal decay rates of the atom are altered. The theory presented in this paper shows that the stimulated emission force becomes dominant at a very low laser intensity. Furthermore, it can change sign to provide an additional cooling force instead of a heating force at laser detunings below the atomic resonance. These phenomena can lead to equilibrium temperatures below the Doppler limit.
We demonstrate atom number enhancement in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) by use of bichromatic cooling to slow an atomic beam that is loaded into a MOT. Bichromatic cooling employs stimulated emission to apply strong cooling forces that are not limited by spontaneous emission. We demonstrate a factor of 3.5 increase in atom number captured from the atomic beam for a 1.5 cm cooling length. For a 1.5 cm effective cooling length, our technique yields MOT atom number enhancement that is about three times higher than the enhancement achieved via spontaneous emission.