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Laser Physics Letters

Tunneling-assisted coherent population transfer and creation of coherent superposition states in triple quantum dots

Si-Cong Tian, Ren-Gang Wan, Lijie Wang, Shi–Li Shu, Cunzhu Tong, Lijun Wang

Published Oct 31, 2016• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A scheme is proposed for coherent population transfer and creation of coherent superposition states assisted by one time-dependent tunneling pulse and one time-independent tunneling pulse in triple quantum dots. Time-dependent tunneling, which is similar to the Stokes laser pulse used in traditional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, can lead to complete population transfer from the ground state to the indirect exciton states. Time-independent tunneling can also create double dark states, resulting in the distribution of the population and arbitrary coherent superposition states. Such a scheme can also be extended to multiple quantum dots assisted by one time-dependent tunneling pulse and more time-independent tunneling pulses.

DOI
10.1088/1612-2011/13/12/125203

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Abstract A scheme is proposed for coherent population transfer and creation of coherent superposition states assisted by one time-dependent tunneling pulse and one time-independent tunneling pulse in triple quantum dots. Time-dependent tunneling, which is similar to the Stokes laser pulse used in traditional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, can lead to complete population transfer from the ground state to the indirect exciton states. Time-independent tunneling can also create double dark states, resulting in the distribution of the population and arbitrary coherent superposition states. Such a scheme can also be extended to multiple quantum dots assisted by one time-dependent tunneling pulse and more time-independent tunneling pulses.
We propose a scheme for creation and transfer of coherence among ground state and indirect exciton states of triple quantum dots via the technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. Compared with the traditional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, the Stokes laser pulse is replaced by the tunneling pulse, which can be controlled by the externally applied voltages. By varying the amplitudes and sequences of the pump and tunneling pulses, a complete coherence transfer or an equal coherence distribution among multiple states can be obtained. The investigations can provide further insight for the experimental development of controllable coherence transfer in semiconductor structure and may have potential applications in quantum information processing.
Abstract Transfer and manipulation of coherence among the ground state and indirect exciton states via tunneling in quadruple and multiple quantum dots is analyzed. By applying suitable amplitudes and sequences of the pump and tunneling pulses, a complete transfer of coherence or an arbitrary distribution of coherence of multiple states can be realized. The method, which is an adiabatic passage process, is different from previous works on quantum dot molecules in the way that the population can transfer from the ground state to the indirect exciton states without populating the direct exciton state, and thus no spontaneous emission occurs. This investigation can provide further insight to help the experimental development of coherence transfer in semiconductor structures, and may have potential applications in quantum information processing.
The manipulation of population transfer and the creation of an arbitrary superposition between two atomic states in the framework of a closed inverse Y-type four-level system driven by a series of pulse pairs and an external control field is reported. It is shown that when the laser fields are tuned to resonance with respective transitions, the non-adiabatic coupling between two degenerate adiabatic states can be reduced tremendously and complete population transfer from the initial state to the target state can be achieved in a piecewise manner. Moreover, an arbitrary superposition between the initial state and target state can be created by suitably tuning the Rabi frequency of the control laser field, inter-pair time delay, pulse number or intra-pair time delay between the pump and Stokes pulses. This scheme combines stimulated Raman adiabatic passage and temporal coherent control, and may be useful for quantum information processing and control of chemical reactions.
We describe a technique for creating superpositions of degenerate quantum states, such as are needed for beam splitters used in matter-wave optics, by manipulating the timing of three orthogonally polarized laser beams through which moving atoms (or molecules) pass; motion across the laser beams produces pulses in the atomic rest frame. As illustrated with representative simulations for transitions in metastable neon, a single pass through three overlapping laser beams can produce superpositions (with preselected phase) of atomic beams differing by transverse momentum corresponding to the momentum of four photons. Like the two-photon momentum transfer of the tripod linkage pattern which it extends, the method relies on controlled adiabatic time evolution in the Hilbert subspace of two degenerate dark states. It is thus a generalization to multiple dark states (and larger transfers of linear momentum to the atomic beam) of the single dark state occurring with the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) technique, and therefore it is potentially insensitive to decoherence due to spontaneous emission. By extending the tripod-linkage system to more numerous degenerate states, the technique not only increases the atomic beam deflections but, as we demonstrate, allows control over the superposition phase and amplitudes. LIke other techniques based on adiabatic time evolution, the technique is robust with respect to variations of the intensity, timing, and other characteristics of the laser fields. Unlike STIRAP, the same robust partial population transfer occurs for opposite timings of the pulse sequence, as is needed for such procedures as Hadamard gates.
We discuss a simple scheme for preparing atoms and molecules in an arbitrary preselected coherent superposition of quantum states. The technique, which we call fractional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage ({\it f-STIRAP}), is based upon (incomplete) adiabatic population transfer between an initial state ψ1ψ_1ψ1​ and state ψ3ψ_3ψ3​ through an intermediate state ψ2ψ_2ψ2​. As in STIRAP, the Stokes pulse arrives before the pump pulse, but unlike STIRAP, the two pulses terminate simultaneously while maintaining a constant ratio of amplitudes. The independence of f-STIRAP from details of pulse shape and pulse area makes it the analog of conventional STIRAP in the creation of coherent superpositions of states. We suggest a smooth realization of f-STIRAP which requires only two laser pulses (which can be derived from a single laser) and at the same time ensures the automatic fulfillment of the asymptotic conditions at early and late times. Furthermore, we provide simple analytic estimates of the robustness of f-STIRAP against variations in the pulse intensity, the pulse delay, and the intermediate-state detuning, and discuss its possible extension to multistate systems.