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Physics Letters A

Ultra-narrow linewidth optical filter based on Faraday effect at isotope 87Rb 420 nm transitions

Gang Bi, Jia Kang, Jun Fu, Ling Li, Jingbiao Chen

Published Oct 17, 2016• 12 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2016.10.016

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We demonstrate a Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) operating on 5S(1/2)-6P(3/2) transition at 420 nm with a 5 cm long cell of 96.5% enriched 87Rb and measure the transmission as a function of the magnetic field and temperature. The isotope 87Rb FADOF achieves a peak transmission of 98% with a bandwidth of 2.5 GHz when the temperature of the isotope 87Rb cell is 280°C and the magnetic field is 500 G. The corresponding equivalent noise bandwidth is 5.9 GHz. The isotope 87Rb FADOF is applied to submarine communications, is used as the laser frequency stabilization for some atomic lines, and is also used as the pump laser in four-level Rb active optical clock.
In the development of atomic physics, laser sources with Frequencies corresponding to atomic transition and high stability are essential. The Faraday laser is a special diode laser using the Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) to realize frequency selection, so the output laser frequency is automatically limited to the atomic Doppler broadening. However, the frequency of a Faraday laser corresponds to the range around only one atomic hyperfine transition. Here, we realize a switchable Faraday laser with two isotopes laser frequencies corresponding to 85Rb 52S1/2 (F=3)→52P3/2 and 87Rb 52S1/2 (F=2)→52P3/2 transitions based on a single isotope 87Rb-FADOF. The laser has good robustness against the fluctuation of diode current and temperature, with wavelength fluctuating within 0.8 pm from 16 to 30 °C of diode temperature, and has a free-running linewidth of 18 kHz. We also lock the laser frequency to the two cycling transitions of 85Rb 52S1/2 (F=3)→52P3/2 (F′=4) and 87Rb 52S1/2 (F=2)→52P3/2 (F′=3) by the modulation transfer spectroscopy technique. The Allan deviation of the residual error signal is 3×10−14/τ, and the frequency stability of the beat detection reaches 2.8×10−12 at 1 s integration time. This 780 nm switchable Faraday laser expands the application scenarios of Faraday lasers, which can be used in laser cooling atoms, optical frequency standards, and other quantum precision measurement fields.
We proposed a scheme for realizing active Faraday optical frequency standards using diffuse laser cooling of alkali-metal atoms. A 1-m-long cold87Rb atomic cloud was prepared within a ϕ 2 cm ×$l$1 m vacuum glass tube, featuring a maximum optical density of 4. By utilizing this setup to construct the Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter, we are able to achieve an ultra-narrowband laser gain close to the natural linewidth of the atomic transition and corresponding to the hyperfine transition frequency. This ultra-narrowband laser gain can directly determine the output frequency of the active Faraday optical frequency standard operating in the “bad cavity” regime, significantly suppressing the cavity-pulling effect. Furthermore, due to the suppression of atomic collision and Doppler frequency shifts by the cold atoms, it is expected to further narrow the laser linewidth of the cold-atom-based active Faraday optical frequency standard to Hz level.