Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Chinese Physics B

Photon bunching and anti-bunching with two dipole-coupled atoms in an optical cavity

Ya-Mei Zheng, Chang‐Sheng Hu, Zhen‐Biao Yang, Huai‐Zhi Wu

Published Sep 23, 2016• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the effect of the dipole–dipole interaction (DDI) on the photon statistics with two atoms trapped in an optical cavity driven by a laser field and subjected to cooperative emission. By means of the quantum trajectory analysis and the second-order correlation functions, we show that the photon statistics of the cavity transmission can be flexibly modulated by the DDI while the incoming coherent laser selectively excites the atom–cavity system’s nonlinear Jaynes–Cummings ladder of excited states. Finally, we find that the effect of the cooperatively atomic emission can also be revealed by the numerical simulations and can be explained with a simplified picture. The DDI induced nonlinearity gives rise to highly nonclassical photon emission from the cavity that is significant for quantum information processing and quantum communication.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/25/10/104202

Related papers

Multiphoton blockade and antibunching in an optical cavity coupled with dipole-dipole-interacting Λ -type atoms

Z Haider, Shahid Qamar, Muhammad Irfan

We study multiphoton blockade effects in a single-mode cavity interacting with two three-level atoms in $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ configuration having position-dependent atom-field coupling. We consider the effects of dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) between the three-level atoms and show how the presence of DDI strongly influences the multiphoton blockade. For symmetric coupling of the atoms with the field, the DDI induces an asymmetry in the emission spectra as a function of pump field detuning. At positive detuning, the single-photon blockade gets stronger as a function of DDI strength, leading to photon antibunching. However, it becomes weaker at negative detuning and can also completely vanish. We show that this vanishing single-photon blockade is associated with a strong two-photon blockade, leading to two-photon bunching. Therefore, by just tuning the frequency of the pump field, we can achieve two very distinct features. We also study the effects of DDI when the atoms are asymmetrically coupled with the field and show that the proposed system exhibits two-photon bunching. We believe our results are important for the experimental realization of such systems where DDI may be present.

arXiv:2304.02047•Physical Review A•Apr 4, 2023•12 citations

Improving photon antibunching with two dipole-coupled atoms in whispering-gallery-mode microresonators

Ye Qu, Shu-Ting Shen, Jiahua Li +1 more

In the two-atom or multiatom system, the atoms can interact with each other through exchange of virtual photon. This kind of energy exchange is often referred as the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). Here we consider this DDI system consisting of a pair of two-level atoms strongly coupled with a bimodal whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonator which is driven by an external laser field. Our aim is to explore the photon correlation characteristics of the proposed architecture using realistic experimental parameter values. We compare in detail the quality of photon antibunching (i.e., the smallness of the second-order correlation function) from three involved configurations in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED): (i) only one two-level atom, (ii) two far apart two-level atoms without DDI, and (iii) two DDI (dipole-coupled) two-level atoms are respectively coupled to the driven WGM microresonator through the evanescent field. We clearly show that the DDI between both atoms can distinctly enhance the photon antibunching even in the weak-coupling regime in configuration (iii) with feature-rich line shapes. We also find that the photon antibunching can be modulated by properly adjusting the atom-cavity coupling strength. In addition, we display that this strong photon antibunching is robust against the cooperative atomic decay. Our DDI-based cavity QED scheme may provide an alternative way to the construction of integrated on-chip single-photon sources.

Physical Review A•Feb 7, 2020•14 citations

Nonclassical photon statistics in the transmission from a resonant cavity containing a single atom

Perry R. Rice, H. J. Carmichael

We consider an optical cavity containing a single two-level atom driven on resonance by an external laser source.1 We focus on the limit of weak excitation where the dynamic response of this system is governed by just three parameters: the atom-field coupling constant g, spontaneous emission rate γ for the atom, and cavity decay rate κ. The statistics of the transmitted light are analyzed as a function of g, γ, and κ, in terms of the second-order correlation function g(2)(τ), and the quadrature variances measured in a homodyne detection scheme. Squeezing and photon antibunching exist over a wide range of parameters. For γ ~ κ, the system can exhibit an oscillatory response, even when the mean intracavity photon number is much less than unity.2 The oscillations can be understood in terms of the coupling between the free atom-field eigenstates |0,−>, |0,+>, and |1,−>. The oscillation frequency is determined by the energy level splitting produced between the degenerate one-quantum states |0,+> and |1,−> by the atom-field interaction. The second-order correlation function can exhibit a novel nonclassical effect, where, for g(2)(0) ≠ 0, at some finite delay τ0, the correlation function dips exactly to zero—g(2)(τ0) = 0.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1986•0 citations

Effects of dipole-dipole interaction on the transmitted spectrum of two-level atoms trapped in an optical cavity

Yuqing Zhang, Lei Tan, P. F. Barker

The transmission spectrum of two dipole-coupled atoms interacting with a single-mode optical cavity in the strong coupling regime is investigated theoretically for the lower and higher excitation cases. The dressed states containing the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) are obtained by transforming the two-atom system into an effective single-atom system. We find that the DDI can enhance the effects resulting from the positive atom-cavity detunings but weakens them for the negative detuning cases for the lower excitation, which causes the spectrum to exhibit two asymmetric peaks with shifted heights and positions. For the higher excitation cases, the DDI augments the atomic saturation and leads to the deforming of the spectrum. Furthermore, the large DDI can cause the atom and the cavity to decouple, producing a singlet of the normal-mode spectrum.

arXiv:1207.2828•Physical Review A•Apr 23, 2014•30 citations

Cavity quantum electrodynamics with a Rydberg-blocked atomic ensemble

Christine Guerlin, E. Brion, Tilman Esslinger +1 more

The realization of a Jaynes-Cummings model in the optical domain is proposed for an atomic ensemble. The scheme exploits the collective coupling of the atoms to a quantized cavity mode and the nonlinearity introduced by coupling to high-lying Rydberg states. A two-photon transition resonantly couples the single-atom ground state $|g\ensuremath{\rangle}$ to a Rydberg state $|e\ensuremath{\rangle}$ via a nonresonant intermediate state $|i\ensuremath{\rangle}$, but due to the interaction between Rydberg atoms only a single atom can be resonantly excited in the ensemble. This restricts the state space of the ensemble to the collective ground state $|G\ensuremath{\rangle}$ and the collectively excited state $|E\ensuremath{\rangle}$ with a single Rydberg excitation distributed evenly on all atoms. The collectively enhanced coupling of all atoms to the cavity field with coherent coupling strengths which are much larger than the decay rates in the system leads to the strong coupling regime of the resulting effective Jaynes-Cummings model. We use numerical simulations to show that the cavity transmission can be used to reveal detailed properties of the Jaynes-Cummings ladder of excited states and that the atomic nonlinearity gives rise to highly nontrivial photon emission from the cavity. Finally, we suggest that the absence of interactions between remote Rydberg atoms may, due to a combinatorial effect, induce a cavity-assisted excitation blockade whose range is larger than the typical Rydberg dipole-dipole interaction length.

arXiv:1006.3633•Physical Review A•Nov 29, 2010•85 citations

Photon statistics of a single-atom intracavity system involving electromagnetically induced transparency

S. Rebić, A. S. Parkins, S. M. Tan

We explore the photon statistics of light emitted from a system comprising a single four-level atom strongly coupled to a high-finesse optical cavity mode that is driven by a coherent laser field. In the weak driving regime this system is found to exhibit a photon blockade effect. For intermediate driving strengths we find a sudden change in the photon statistics of the light emitted from the cavity. Photon antibunching switches to photon bunching over a very narrow range of intracavity photon number. It is proven that this sudden change in photon statistics occurs due to the existence of robust quantum interference of transitions between the dressed states of the atom-cavity system. Furthermore, it is shown that the strong photon bunching is a nonclassical effect for certain values of driving field strength, violating classical inequalities for field correlations.

Physical Review A•May 30, 2002•65 citations
We investigate the effect of the dipole–dipole interaction (DDI) on the photon statistics with two atoms trapped in an optical cavity driven by a laser field and subjected to cooperative emission. By means of the quantum trajectory analysis and the second-order correlation functions, we show that the photon statistics of the cavity transmission can be flexibly modulated by the DDI while the incoming coherent laser selectively excites the atom–cavity system’s nonlinear Jaynes–Cummings ladder of excited states. Finally, we find that the effect of the cooperatively atomic emission can also be revealed by the numerical simulations and can be explained with a simplified picture. The DDI induced nonlinearity gives rise to highly nonclassical photon emission from the cavity that is significant for quantum information processing and quantum communication.
We study multiphoton blockade effects in a single-mode cavity interacting with two three-level atoms in $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ configuration having position-dependent atom-field coupling. We consider the effects of dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) between the three-level atoms and show how the presence of DDI strongly influences the multiphoton blockade. For symmetric coupling of the atoms with the field, the DDI induces an asymmetry in the emission spectra as a function of pump field detuning. At positive detuning, the single-photon blockade gets stronger as a function of DDI strength, leading to photon antibunching. However, it becomes weaker at negative detuning and can also completely vanish. We show that this vanishing single-photon blockade is associated with a strong two-photon blockade, leading to two-photon bunching. Therefore, by just tuning the frequency of the pump field, we can achieve two very distinct features. We also study the effects of DDI when the atoms are asymmetrically coupled with the field and show that the proposed system exhibits two-photon bunching. We believe our results are important for the experimental realization of such systems where DDI may be present.
In the two-atom or multiatom system, the atoms can interact with each other through exchange of virtual photon. This kind of energy exchange is often referred as the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). Here we consider this DDI system consisting of a pair of two-level atoms strongly coupled with a bimodal whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonator which is driven by an external laser field. Our aim is to explore the photon correlation characteristics of the proposed architecture using realistic experimental parameter values. We compare in detail the quality of photon antibunching (i.e., the smallness of the second-order correlation function) from three involved configurations in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED): (i) only one two-level atom, (ii) two far apart two-level atoms without DDI, and (iii) two DDI (dipole-coupled) two-level atoms are respectively coupled to the driven WGM microresonator through the evanescent field. We clearly show that the DDI between both atoms can distinctly enhance the photon antibunching even in the weak-coupling regime in configuration (iii) with feature-rich line shapes. We also find that the photon antibunching can be modulated by properly adjusting the atom-cavity coupling strength. In addition, we display that this strong photon antibunching is robust against the cooperative atomic decay. Our DDI-based cavity QED scheme may provide an alternative way to the construction of integrated on-chip single-photon sources.
We consider an optical cavity containing a single two-level atom driven on resonance by an external laser source.1 We focus on the limit of weak excitation where the dynamic response of this system is governed by just three parameters: the atom-field coupling constant g, spontaneous emission rate γ for the atom, and cavity decay rate κ. The statistics of the transmitted light are analyzed as a function of g, γ, and κ, in terms of the second-order correlation function g(2)(τ), and the quadrature variances measured in a homodyne detection scheme. Squeezing and photon antibunching exist over a wide range of parameters. For γ ~ κ, the system can exhibit an oscillatory response, even when the mean intracavity photon number is much less than unity.2 The oscillations can be understood in terms of the coupling between the free atom-field eigenstates |0,−>, |0,+>, and |1,−>. The oscillation frequency is determined by the energy level splitting produced between the degenerate one-quantum states |0,+> and |1,−> by the atom-field interaction. The second-order correlation function can exhibit a novel nonclassical effect, where, for g(2)(0) ≠ 0, at some finite delay τ0, the correlation function dips exactly to zero—g(2)(τ0) = 0.
The transmission spectrum of two dipole-coupled atoms interacting with a single-mode optical cavity in the strong coupling regime is investigated theoretically for the lower and higher excitation cases. The dressed states containing the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) are obtained by transforming the two-atom system into an effective single-atom system. We find that the DDI can enhance the effects resulting from the positive atom-cavity detunings but weakens them for the negative detuning cases for the lower excitation, which causes the spectrum to exhibit two asymmetric peaks with shifted heights and positions. For the higher excitation cases, the DDI augments the atomic saturation and leads to the deforming of the spectrum. Furthermore, the large DDI can cause the atom and the cavity to decouple, producing a singlet of the normal-mode spectrum.
The realization of a Jaynes-Cummings model in the optical domain is proposed for an atomic ensemble. The scheme exploits the collective coupling of the atoms to a quantized cavity mode and the nonlinearity introduced by coupling to high-lying Rydberg states. A two-photon transition resonantly couples the single-atom ground state $|g\ensuremath{\rangle}$ to a Rydberg state $|e\ensuremath{\rangle}$ via a nonresonant intermediate state $|i\ensuremath{\rangle}$, but due to the interaction between Rydberg atoms only a single atom can be resonantly excited in the ensemble. This restricts the state space of the ensemble to the collective ground state $|G\ensuremath{\rangle}$ and the collectively excited state $|E\ensuremath{\rangle}$ with a single Rydberg excitation distributed evenly on all atoms. The collectively enhanced coupling of all atoms to the cavity field with coherent coupling strengths which are much larger than the decay rates in the system leads to the strong coupling regime of the resulting effective Jaynes-Cummings model. We use numerical simulations to show that the cavity transmission can be used to reveal detailed properties of the Jaynes-Cummings ladder of excited states and that the atomic nonlinearity gives rise to highly nontrivial photon emission from the cavity. Finally, we suggest that the absence of interactions between remote Rydberg atoms may, due to a combinatorial effect, induce a cavity-assisted excitation blockade whose range is larger than the typical Rydberg dipole-dipole interaction length.
We explore the photon statistics of light emitted from a system comprising a single four-level atom strongly coupled to a high-finesse optical cavity mode that is driven by a coherent laser field. In the weak driving regime this system is found to exhibit a photon blockade effect. For intermediate driving strengths we find a sudden change in the photon statistics of the light emitted from the cavity. Photon antibunching switches to photon bunching over a very narrow range of intracavity photon number. It is proven that this sudden change in photon statistics occurs due to the existence of robust quantum interference of transitions between the dressed states of the atom-cavity system. Furthermore, it is shown that the strong photon bunching is a nonclassical effect for certain values of driving field strength, violating classical inequalities for field correlations.