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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Using of optical splitters in quantum random number generators, based on fluctuations of vacuum

A. E. Ivanova, Sergey A. Chivilikhin, Artur V. Gleim

Published Aug 1, 2016• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper mathematical description of using of fiber Y-splitter and optical splitter with two input and two output ports in quantum random number generation systems were obtained.
DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/735/1/012077

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Quantum random number generators based on vacuum fluctuations produce truly random numbers that can be used for applications are requiring a high degree of randomness.A beam splitter with two inputs and two outputs is normally used in these systems.In this paper, mathematical descriptions were obtained for the use of such beam splitter and fiber Y-splitter in quantum random number generation systems with homodyne detection.We derived equations which allowed us to estimate the impact of the scheme parameters' imperfection upon measurement results.We also obtained mathematical expressions, demonstrating the equivalence of quantum descriptions for a Y-splitter and a beam splitter with two inputs.
Quantum random number generator (QRNG) allows obtaining true random bit sequences. In QRNG based on quantum nature of vacuum, optical beam splitter with two inputs and two outputs is normally used. We compare mathematical descriptions of spatial beam splitter and fiber Y-splitter in the quantum model for QRNG, based on homodyne detection. These descriptions were identical, that allows to use fiber Y-splitters in practical QRNG schemes, simplifying the setup. Also we receive relations between the input radiation and the resulting differential current in homodyne detector. We experimentally demonstrate possibility of true random bits generation by using QRNG based on homodyne detection with Y-splitter.
A quantum random number generator (QRNG) based on the quantum nature of vacuum fluctuations allows one to obtain random bit sequences that can be used in applications that require a high degree of randomness.In that type of quantum random generation system, optical beam splitters with two inputs and two outputs are normally used.A comparison of Y-splitter and spatial beam splitters shows that for two types of optical splitters, the quantum mathematical description of output signals is identical.This allows the use of fiber Y-splitters in practical QRNG schemes.The possibility of generating true random bits was demonstrated experimentally by using quantum random number generator based on homodyne detection.
Quantum random number generation allows the obtaining of true random numbers that can be used for applications (e.g.,a cryptography) requiring a high degree of randomness.In this paper, we give a mathematical description of a quantum random number generation system using homodyne detection.As a result of the theoretical research, we obtained the description of the relationship between beam splitter input radiation and differential current on detectors after beam splitting.We derived equations allowing one to estimate the scheme parameters imperfection impact on measurement results.We also obtained mathematical expressions, demonstrating the equivalence of quantum description of Y-splitter and beam splitter with two inputs, which allows the use Y-splitter for the implementation of quantum random number generation systems based on vacuum quantum fluctuations.