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International Conference Laser Optics (ICLO)

Self-induced transparency coherent mode-locking in lasers

Rostislav M. Arkhipov, Mikhail V. Arkhipov, Ihar Babushkin, Nikolay N. Rosanov

Published Jun 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Coherent mode-locking (CML) is based on intracavity self-induced transparency phenomena and allows generating single-cycle laser pulses. We propose a new technique based on McCall and Hahn Area theorem, allowing to predict the main features of CML regimes, study theoretically the possibility of single-cycle optical pulse generation and provide experimental study of mode-locked regimes in laser with a coherent absorber.

DOI
10.1109/lo.2016.7549855

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Coherent mode-locking (CML) is based on intracavity self-induced transparency phenomena and allows generating single-cycle laser pulses. We propose a new technique based on McCall and Hahn Area theorem, allowing to predict the main features of CML regimes, study theoretically the possibility of single-cycle optical pulse generation and provide experimental study of mode-locked regimes in laser with a coherent absorber.
Self-induced transparency mode locking (or coherent mode locking, CML), which is based on intracavity self-induced transparency soliton dynamics, potentially allows achievement of nearly single-cycle intracavity pulse durations, much below the phase relaxation time T2 in a laser which, despite having great promise, has not yet been realized experimentally. We develop a diagram technique which allows us to predict the main features of CML regimes in a generic two-section laser far from the single-cycle limit. We show that CML can arise directly at the first laser threshold if the phase relaxation time is large enough. Furthermore, we discuss the stability of the corresponding mapping. We also predict the existence of “super-CML regimes,” with a pulse coupled to several Rabi oscillations in the nonlinear medium.
Coherent mode-locking (CML) represents a method for ultrashort pulse generation in lasers based on the self-induced transparency (SIT) phenomena, which allows us to overcome the principal limitations on the pulse duration imposed by the active medium's gain bandwidth in standard passively mode-locked lasers. So far, this regime was only studied in lasers with transition dipole moments in the absorber medium being twice larger than in the gain medium. This fact ensures that the $2\ensuremath{\pi}$-SIT-soliton in the absorber also forms the stable $\ensuremath{\pi}$-soliton in the gain but can be barely realized in experiments. In this paper we demonstrate theoretically that the self-starting stable coherent mode-locking regime can also arise if the same medium is used both in the gain and absorber laser sections, i.e., the transition dipole moments are equal. These results are both obtained analytically using the area theorem and confirmed by the numerical solution of the Maxwell-Bloch equations. Our findings can enable new opportunities in the area of ultrafast lasers.
Stable coherent mode-locking based on π\piπ pulse formation in single-section lasers
Here we consider coherent mode-locking (CML) regimes in single-section cavity lasers, taking place for pulse durations less than atomic population and phase relaxation times, which arise due to coherent Rabi oscillations of the atomic inversion. Typically, CML is introduced for lasers with two sections, the gain and absorber ones. Here we show that, for certain combination of the cavity length and relaxation parameters, a very stable CML in a laser, containing only gain section, may arise. The mode-locking is unconditionally self-starting and appears due to balance of intra-pulse de-excitation and slow interpulse-scale pump-induced relaxation processes. We also discuss the scaling of the system to shorter pulse durations, showing a possibility of mode-locking for few-cycle pulses.
The regime of passive mode locking in a Ti:sapphire laser with a coherent absorber resulting in the emission of pulses with a duration considerably shorter than the absorber relaxation times is demonstrated experimentally. A cell filled with rubidium vapor placed in the laser cavity serves as a coherent absorber. Mode locking arises when the laser oscillation frequency is tuned to the resonance transitions in rubidium. In our opinion, 2π pulses of self-induced transparency appear in the cavity, and the reported results represent the first experimental demonstration of passive mode locking caused by the effect of self-induced transparency, which has previously been discussed only theoretically.