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International Conference on Computer, Information and Telecommunication Systems

The impact of relative distance on artificial-noise-aided secure transmission

Hao Jiang Deng, Hui‐Ming Wang, Yi Zhang, Qian Yang, Xueqin Jiang, Wenjie Wang

Published Jul 1, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the impact of relative distance and large-scale fading of legitimate user and eavesdropper on the artificial noise (AN) assisted secrecy scheme in a multiple-input single-output (MISO) wiretap channel. We show that AN does not always improve the achievable ergodic secrecy rate (ESR), and provide an exact signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold below which AN does not work. We also derive approximately closed-form expressions of AN secrecy gain, which is defined as the difference between the ESR with AN and without AN. Analytical and numerical results verify that the relative distance impacts greatly on the SNR threshold and the AN secrecy gain.

DOI
10.1109/cits.2016.7546418

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In this letter, we extend the results of secure transmission with artificial noise over multiple-input single-output (MISO) wiretap channels. There is a case such that the transmitter knows the relative distance of the eavesdropper. That is, it knows the distance from itself to the eavesdropper divided by its distance to the legitimate receiver. The study found that when the transmitter utilizes information about the relative distance of the passive eavesdropper, the system can achieve a significant increase in its secrecy rate. This work may be useful evaluating a secure communication system in where a secure-zone is enforced and is accessible, exclusively, to the legitimate receiver.
The artificial noise (AN) scheme is an efficient strategy for enhancing the secrecy rate of a multiple-input-single-output channel in the presence of a passive eavesdropper, whose channel state information is unavailable. Recently, a randomized beamforming scheme has been proposed for deteriorating the eavesdropper's bit-error-rate performance via corrupting its receiving signal by time-varying multiplicative noise. However, the secrecy rate of such a scheme has not been well addressed yet. In this paper, we name it the artificial fast fading (AFF) scheme and provide a comprehensive secrecy rate analysis for it. We show that with this scheme, the eavesdropper will face a noncoherent Ricean fading single-input-multiple-output channel. Although the closed-form secrecy rate is difficult to obtain, we derive an exact expression for the single-antenna-eavesdropper case and a lower bound for the multiantenna-eavesdropper case, both of which can be numerically calculated conveniently. Furthermore, we compare the AFF scheme with the AN scheme and show that their respective superiorities to each other depend on the number of antennas that the transmitter and the eavesdropper possessed, i.e., when the eavesdropper has more antennas than the transmitter does, the AFF scheme achieves a larger secrecy rate; otherwise, the AN scheme outperforms. Motivated by this observation, we propose a hybrid AN-AFF scheme and investigate the power allocation problem, which achieves better secrecy performance further.
We consider transmission of confidential data over multiple-input single-output multiple-eavesdropper (MISOME) Rayleigh-fading wiretap channels. The transmitter has access to full channel state information (CSI) of a legitimate link but only partial CSI of an eavesdropper link in forms of the average received signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR). In this location-aware scenario, we develop the optimal power allocation strategy that maximizes the secrecy rate achievable by beamforming. The optimal power control is regulated in an on-off fashion with the threshold depending only on the numbers of antennas and the average SNRs. By rescuing the vanishing high-SNR degree of freedom for secure communication from this optimal on-off beamforming with the artificial noise scheme, we further derive the achievable ergodic secrecy rate of MISOME wiretap channels in closed form.
In this letter, we consider physical layer security in multiple-input single-output (MISO) fading wiretap channels, where the transmitter utilizes a jamming-aided precoding transmission strategy to maximize the achievable secrecy rate of the channel. The instantaneous channel state information of the eavesdropper's channel is considered unavailable at the transmitter. We derive the closed-form expression of the ergodic secrecy rate, based on which we find that there exists an optimal power allocation ratio between the information signal and the jamming signal. Asymptotic analysis shows that the optimal power ratio depends on the number of antennas as well as the available transmit power at Alice.
We consider secure communications over MISO wiretap channels, in the presence of a passive eavesdropper with multiple antennas. In this scenario, an artificial-noise-resistant (ANR) eavesdropping behavior is introduced to invalidate the artificial noise (AN) scheme proposed by Goel et al. This novel eavesdropper, by exploiting the statistical filter derived from the collected signals, can completely eliminate the influence of AN by using only two receive antennas. In particular, the received signals are firstly syphered to eliminate the power influence of AN by a linear weight which is generated from the statistical estimation for the signal covariance matrix. In comparison with the original legitimate signals, the weighted signals are however imposed by a phase difference which can be then erased by a weight vector inferred from the available information at the eavesdropper. Based on the two filtering processes, we derive a novel expression of achievable secrecy rate and give an analytical expression for the zero-secrecy-rate distance of eavesdropper to the transmitter. Finally, we characterize the expression of maximum achievable secrecy rate (MASR) and show that the optimal power allocation strategy under an ANR eavesdropping behavior is transformed into no allocation of transmission power to AN. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the damage caused by the investigated eavesdropping behavior. Interestingly, the consequence of AN elimination is not influenced even under large number of transmit antennas.
In this paper, we study the secrecy performance of multiple-input single-output (MISO) wiretap channel with random beamforming (RB), where the eavesdropper is equipped with multiple antennas. In traditional RB schemes, the transmitter utilizes only one antenna to emit information signal and adopts the rest antennas to produce a random beamforming vector for security. To make full use of the power resource and improve the secrecy performance, we propose a power-minimizing and signal-splitting random beamforming (PM-SSRB) scheme, where the random beamforming vector is generalized with arbitrary number of transmit antennas based on power-minimizing. To evaluate the secrecy performance of the proposed scheme, we analyze the ergodic secrecy rate and derive the closed-form expression of the ergodic rate of the MISO wiretap channel. Simulation results show that, compared with the traditional hybrid artificial fast-fading scheme (AFF) and artificial noise (AN) scheme, the proposed SSRB scheme and PM-SSRB scheme perform much better in terms of the ergodic secrecy rate in all power regimes. More importantly, when the eavesdropper has more antennas than the transmitter, our schemes always outperform the AFF and AN schemes. The PM-SSRB scheme is also shown to be superior to the secret-key AFF scheme.