Complexification of Information Geometry in view of quantum estimation theory Introduction • M : manifold with affine structure (flat connection) (θi ) ↓ TM : tangent bundle with a complex structure • M : manifold with a Hessian structure ((θi ), g, ψ) gij(θ) = ∂i∂jψ(θ) (∂ = ∂ ∂θi ) ↓ TM : tangent bundle with a K¨ahler structure with a K¨ahler potential ψ(θ) • M : manifold with affine structure (flat connection) (θi ) ↓ TM : tangent bundle with a complex structure • M : manifold with a Hessian structure ((θi ), g, ψ) gij(θ) = ∂i∂jψ(θ) (∂ = ∂ ∂θi ) ↓ TM : tangent bundle with a K¨ahler structure with a K¨ahler potential ψ(θ) As H. Shima pointed out in his book: and (dually flat structure) Introduction • M : manifold with affine structure (flat connection) (θi ) ↓ TM : tangent bundle with a complex structure • M : manifold with a Hessian structure ((θi ), g, ψ) gij(θ) = ∂i∂jψ(θ) (∂ = ∂ ∂θi ) ↓ TM : tangent bundle with a K¨ahler structure with a K¨ahler potential ψ(θ) • M : manifold with affine structure (flat connection) (θi ) ↓ TM : tangent bundle with a complex structure • M : manifol
Quantum information geometry studies families of quantum states by means of differential geometry. A new approach is followed with the intention to facilitate the introduction of a more general theory in subsequent work. To this purpose, the emphasis is shifted from a manifold of strictly positive density matrices to a manifold of faithful quantum states on the C*-algebra of bounded linear operators. In addition, ideas from the parameter-free approach to information geometry are adopted. The underlying Hilbert space is assumed to be finite-dimensional. In this way, technicalities are avoided so that strong results are obtained, which one can hope to prove later on in a more general context. Two different atlases are introduced, one in which it is straightforward to show that the quantum states form a Banach manifold, the other which is compatible with the inner product of Bogoliubov and which yields affine coordinates for the exponential connection.
Let H 0 be a selfadjoint operator such that Tr e −βH 0 is of trace class for some β < 1, and let χ ɛ denote the set of ɛ-bounded forms, i.e., ∥(H 0 +C) −1/2−ɛ X(H 0 +C) −1/2+ɛ ∥ < C for some C > 0. Let χ := Span ∪ ɛ∈(0,1/2] χ ɛ . Let [Formula: see text] denote the underlying set of the quantum information manifold of states of the form ρ x = e −H 0 −X−ψx , X ∈ χ. We show that if Tr e −H 0 = 1. 1. the map Φ, [Formula: see text] is a quantum Young function defined on χ 2. The Orlicz space defined by Φ is the tangent space of [Formula: see text] at ρ 0 ; its affine structure is defined by the (+1)-connection of Amari 3. The subset of a ‘hood of ρ 0 , consisting of p-nearby states (those [Formula: see text] obeying C −1 ρ 1+p ≤ σ ≤ Cρ 1 − p for some C > 1) admits a flat affine connection known as the (−1) connection, and the span of this set is part of the cotangent space of [Formula: see text] 4. These dual structures extend to the completions in the Luxemburg norms.
Quantum theory of field (extended) objects without a priori space-time geometry has been represented. Intrinsic coordinates in the tangent fibre bundle over complex projective Hilbert state space
CP(N−1) are used instead of space-time coordinates. The fate of quantum system modeled by the generalized coherent states is rooted in this manifold. Dynamical (state-dependent) space-time arises only at the stage of the quantum "yes/no" measurement. The quantum measurement of the gauge ``field shell'' of the generalized coherent state is described in terms of the affine parallel transport of the local dynamical variables in
CP(N−1).
We provide a possible fully geometric formulation of the core idea of quantum reference frames (QRFs) as it has been applied in the context of gravity, freeing its definition from unnecessary (though convenient) ingredients, such as coordinate systems. Our formulation is based on two main ideas. First, a QRF encodes uncertainty about what is the observer's (and, hence, the measuring apparatus's) perception of time and space at each spacetime point (i.e., event). For this, an observer at an event
p is modeled, as usual, as a tetrad in the tangent space
Tp. So a QRF at an event
p is a complex function on the tetrads at
p. Second, we use the result that one can specify a metric on a given manifold by stipulating that a basis one assigns at each tangent space is to be a tetrad in the metric one wants to specify. Hence a spacetime, i.e. manifold plus metric, together with a choice of "point of view" on it, is represented by a section of the bundle of bases, understood as taking the basis assigned to each point to be a tetrad. Thus a superposition of spacetimes gets represented as, roughly speaking, an assignment of complex amplitudes to sections of this bundle. A QRF, defined here as the collection of complex amplitudes assigned to bases at events--i.e., a complex function defined on the bundle of bases of the manifold--can describe, in a local way (i.e., attributing the amplitudes to bases at events instead of to whole sections), these superpositions. We believe that this formulation sheds some light on some conceptual aspects and possible extensions of current ideas about QRFs. For instance, thinking in geometric terms makes it clear that the idea of QRFs applied to the gravitational scenarios treated in the literature (beyond linear approximation) lacks predictive power due to arbitrariness which, we argue, can only be resolved by some further input from physics.
Let (M,g) be a compact, connected and oriented Riemannian manifold. We denote D the space of smooth probability density functions on M. In this paper, we show that the Frechet manifold D is equipped with a Riemannian metric g^{D} and an affine connection \nabla^{D} which are infinite dimensional analogues of the Fisher metric and exponential connection in the context of information geometry. More precisely, we use Dombrowski's construction together with the couple (g^{D},\nabla^{D}) to get a (non-integrable) almost Hermitian structure on D, and we show that the corresponding fundamental 2-form is a symplectic form from which it is possible to recover the usual Schrodinger equation for a quantum particle living in M. These results echo a recent paper of the author where it is stressed that the Fisher metric and exponential connection are related (via Dombrowski's construction) to Kahler geometry and quantum mechanics in finite dimension.