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Continuous retrieval of delayed Raman polaritons

Slava Smartsev, David Eger, Nir Davidson, Ofer Firstenberg

Published Aug 31, 2016• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We use a Raman four-wave mixing process to read out light from an atomic coherence which is continuously written. This realizes a continuous source of polaritons having been delayed or effectively stored for a finite duration. Contrary to slow-light delay, which depends on the atom number and population distribution, here the effective storage duration is determined solely by intensive properties of the system, approaching the ground-state natural lifetime at the weak driving limit. The generated polaritons are background free. We experimentally probe these properties utilizing spatial atomic diffusion as an 'internal clock' for the write-read delay. A continuous source of delayed polaritons can replace discrete write-read procedures when the atomic evolution is the subject of interest, for example, when dipolar interactions lead to retrieval of non-classical light.

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We use a Raman four-wave mixing process to read out light from an atomic coherence which is continuously written. This realizes a continuous source of polaritons having been delayed or effectively stored for a finite duration. Contrary to slow-light delay, which depends on the atom number and population distribution, here the effective storage duration is determined solely by intensive properties of the system, approaching the ground-state natural lifetime at the weak driving limit. The generated polaritons are background free. We experimentally probe these properties utilizing spatial atomic diffusion as an 'internal clock' for the write-read delay. A continuous source of delayed polaritons can replace discrete write-read procedures when the atomic evolution is the subject of interest, for example, when dipolar interactions lead to retrieval of non-classical light.
Abstract We use a four-wave mixing process to read-out light from atomic coherence which is continuously written. The light is continuously generated after an effective delay, allowing the atomic coherence to evolve during the process. Contrary to slow-light delay, which depends on the medium optical depth, here the generation delay is determined solely by the intensive properties of the system, approaching the atomic coherence lifetime at the weak driving limit. The atomic evolution during the generation delay is further manifested in the spatial profile of the generated light due to atomic diffusion. Continuous generation of light with a long intrinsic delay can replace discrete write–read procedures when the atomic evolution is the subject of interest.
We apply collective Raman scattering to create, store and retrieve spatially multimode light in warm rubidium-87 vapors. The light is created in a spontaneous Stokes scattering process. This is accompanied by the creation of counterpart collective excitations in the atomic ensemble - the spin waves. After a certain storage time we coherently convert the spin waves into the light in deterministic anti-Stokes scattering. The whole process can be regarded as a delayed four-wave mixing which produces pairs of correlated, delayed random images. Storage of higher order spatial modes up to microseconds is possible owing to usage of a buffer gas. We study the performance of the Raman scattering, storage and retrieval of collective excitations focusing on spatial effects and the influence of decoherence caused by diffusion of rubidium atoms in different buffer gases. We quantify the number of modes created and retrieved by analyzing statistical correlations of intensity fluctuations between portions of the light scattered in the far field.
We present a pulsed four-wave mixing scheme via a Rydberg state to create, store, and retrieve collective Rydberg polaritons. The storage medium consists of a gas of thermal Rb atoms confined in a $220\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$-thick cell, which is heated above room temperature. The experimental sequence consists of a pulsed excitation of Rydberg polaritons via the D1{D}_{1}D1​ line, a variable delay or storage time, and a final retrieval pulse via the D2{D}_{2}D2​ line. The lifetime of the Rydberg polaritons is around 1.2 ns, almost entirely limited by the excitation bandwidth and the corresponding motional dephasing of the atoms. The presented scheme combined with a tightly confined atomic ensemble is a good candidate for a deterministic single-photon source, as soon as strong interactions in terms of a Rydberg blockade are added.
We present experimental work that investigates whether quantum information carried by light can be stored via reversible mapping of the quantum state of such light onto a collective atomic coherence. Such a quantum memory could be utilized to allow quantum communication over long, lossy channels. Current efforts concentrate on writing a photon-number-squeezed state of light onto a collective coherence between the ground-state hyperfine levels of 87Rb atoms in a warm vapor cell, and subsequent on-demand retrieval of this light. In this approach, intensity squeezing between the written and retrieved photon fields provides evidence for storage of a photon-number-squeezed state of light. The scheme is based on spontaneous Raman transitions that create the atomic coherence, and at the same time convert control fields into signal fields that propagate under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency. We present experimental results demonstrating the storage and retrieval of light using this method, and discuss techniques for measuring intensity squeezing between these photon fields.
We demonstrate experimentally controlled storage and retrieval of the optical phase information in a higher-order interference scheme based on Raman process in (87)Rb atomic vapor cells. An interference pattern is observed in intensity correlation measurement between the write Stokes field and the delayed read Stokes field as the phase of the Raman write field is scanned. This result implies that the phase information of the Raman write field can be written into the atomic spin wave via Raman process in a high gain regime and subsequently read out via a spin-wave enhanced Raman process, thus achieving optical storage of phase information. This technique should find applications in optical phase image storage, holography and information processing.