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Laser Cooling and Trapping of Cesium Atoms in a Magneto-optical Trap

Swarupananda Pradhan, A. P. Marathe, Gaur, S J

Published Jan 1, 2002• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Laser cooling and trapping o f cesium atoms using an indigenously developed magneto-optieal trap is reported.The experimental set up o f the trap and laser-cooling procedure adapted for eooling o f cesium atoms is discussed.

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The magneto-optical trap (MOT) serves as the culmination of optical cooling and trapping, where by applying a linear magnetic field to orthogonal, circularly polarized, retroreflecting laser beams, one can produce a dense cloud of very cold atoms, on the order of μK. This work set out to create a magneto-optical trap using only visible light with the 6s 2S1/2 → 7p 2P◦ 3/2 transition of cesium-133, which is far weaker than the transition typically employed for a cesium-133 MOT. This transition alone has yet to be used in isolation to create a MOT, and the purpose of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of such a MOT. While the creation of a MOT with the setup produced has thus far been unsuccessful, the components are in place for one to be made as a demonstration of optical cooling and trapping that should be visible to the naked eye. Additionally, an experimental setup was created for high precision measurements of the absolute energies of the 7p 2P◦ 1/2 and 7p 2P◦ 3/2 states. The theory behind the MOT and high precision spectroscopy is expounded upon within.
The theory of cooling neutral atoms to microkelvin temperatures using a magneto optical trap will be presented. The system that is discussed uses a stabilized grating tuned diode laser that is controlled using feedback from a saturation absorption spectrophotometer to produce narrow band continuously tunable IR light for trapping rubidium atoms. A description of the design and construction of each of the components used to create the magneto optical trap will also be discussed. In the final section a description of an exceptionally accurate atomic clock that is used to measure the natural resonance frequency of laser cooled cesium atoms is also presented.