The frequency detuning curves of the spatial subharmonic intensity of photorefractive moving gratings are calculated using a simple theory based on coupled-mode analysis of wave equations combined with Kukhtarev's materials equations. The optimum detuning frequency and the intensity distribution of K/2 spatial subharmonics against detuning frequency are calculated both analytically and numerically by varying the external electric field and the modulation of two pump beams. It is found that the results of our theoretical calculations for the frequency detuning curves of subharmonic intensity agree with the experimental data very well. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.