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International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analytics (ICCCBDA)

B92 protocol analysis related to the same basis eavesdropping

Binbin Su, Yuanyuan Zhou, Xuejun Zhou

Published Jul 1, 2016• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Carry out research on the variation rule of the average mutual information between Alice and Eve IAE, Alice and Bob IABand bit error rate qe(AE), qe(AB), when the eavesdropper Eve uses the same measurement basis as Bob, eavesdropping the communication between Alice and Bob on the basis of intercepting-retransmission pattern. Based on the symmetrical characteristic of source sequence, making research on the variation features of IAE, IAB, and then make respective simulation with tool of Matlab. Research results provide the guarantee for optimal quantum communication of legal users and theoretical guidance for detecting presence of eavesdroppers on the basis of average mutual information.

DOI
10.1109/icccbda.2016.7529556

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Carry out research on the variation rule of the average mutual information between Alice and Eve IAE, Alice and Bob IABand bit error rate qe(AE), qe(AB), when the eavesdropper Eve uses the same measurement basis as Bob, eavesdropping the communication between Alice and Bob on the basis of intercepting-retransmission pattern. Based on the symmetrical characteristic of source sequence, making research on the variation features of IAE, IAB, and then make respective simulation with tool of Matlab. Research results provide the guarantee for optimal quantum communication of legal users and theoretical guidance for detecting presence of eavesdroppers on the basis of average mutual information.
The security of B92 protocol was studied in the terms of single basis with the probability and the information theory.The relation between the optimal eavesdropping angle and the signal probability was obtained.The mutual information among Alice,Bob and Eve was calculated with the theory of Markovian chain series channel.The results of comparison with the conclusion in the case of POVM eavesdropping show that Eve can guess the quantum bit with higher probability by single basis,and the average mutual information obtained by single basis is rather high.The conclusion offers a new criterion for cheking Eve.
In this paper, we simulate the quantum channel with a binary symmetric channel and a binary erasure channel, a series channel and a Markovian chain channel in classical information theory, then calculate respectively the mutual information between the signal's deliverer, the legal receiver and the eavesdropper, the bit error rate during propagating the signals with the theory about the quantum measurement channel and the quantum information theory. For B92 protocol, a simple quantum cryptography distribution scheme, we study the bound and the property of mutual information obtained by the legal receiver and the eavesdropper, seek the relationship between the bit error rates and the eavesdropper's way, in two cases of the opaque eavesdropping and the translucent eavesdropping. A new criteria for checking the eavesdropper and ensuring the legal correspondent is estimated. Furthermore, the comparison in bit error rates caused respectively in two different measuring ways indicates that POVM is better than the standard measurement by the way of orthogonal projecting for reducing the bit error rate and increasing effective communication.
Abstract. The BB84 protocol is used by Alice (the sender) and Bob (the receiver) to settle on a secret classical bit-string by communicating qubits over an insecure quantum channel where Eve (the Eavesdropper) can have access. In this paper, we revisit a well known eavesdropping technique against BB84. We claim that there exist certain gaps in understanding the existing eavesdropping strategyin terms of cryptanalytic view and we try to bridge those gaps in this paper. First we refer to the result where it is shown that in the six-state variant of the BB84 protocol (Bruß, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1998), the mutual information between Alice (the sender) and Eve (the eavesdropper) is higher when two-bit probe is used compared to the one-bit probe and hencethetwo-bitprobeprovidesastrongereavesdroppingstrategy.However, from cryptanalytic point of view, we show that Eve has the same success probability in guessing the bit transmitted by Alice in both the cases of the two-bit and the one-bit probe. Thus, we point out that having higher mutual information may not directly lead to obtaining higher probability in guessing the key bit. It is also explained in the work of Bruß that the six-state variant of the BB84 protocol is more secure than the traditional four-state BB84. We look into this point in more detail and identify that this advantage is only achieved at the expense of communicating more qubits in the sixstate protocol. In fact, we present different scenarios, where given the same number of qubits communicated, the security comparison of the four and six-state protocols is evaluated carefully.