Quantum Probability — A New Direction for Modeling in Cognitive Science

Sisir Roy

Andrei Yu. Khrennikov

We present a contextualist statistical realistic model for quantum-like representations in physics, cognitive science and psychology. We apply this model to describe cognitive experiments to check quantum-like structures of mental processes. The crucial role is played by interference of probabilities for mental observables. Recently one of such experiments based on recognition of images was performed. This experiment confirmed our prediction on quantum-like behaviour of mind. In our approach ``quantumness of mind'' has no direct relation to the fact that the brain (as any physical body) is composed of quantum particles. We invented a new terminology ``quantum-like (QL) mind.'' Cognitive QL-behaviour is characterized by nonzero coefficient of interference $λ.$ This coefficient can be found on the basis of statistical data. There is predicted not only $\cos θ$-interference of probabilities, but also hyperbolic $\cosh θ$-interference. This interference was never observed for physical systems, but we could not exclude this possibility for cognitive systems. We propose a model of brain functioning as QL-computer (there is discussed difference between quantum and QL computers).

Stavroula T. Kousta

Timothy Joseph Pleskac, Peter D. Kvam, Shuli Yu

Quantum probability (QP) provides a new perspective for cognitive science. However, one must be clear about the outcome the QP model is predicting. We discuss this concern in reference to modeling the subjective probabilities given by people as opposed to modeling the choice proportions of people. These two models would appear to have different cognitive assumptions.

Emmanuel E. Haven, Andrei Yu. Khrennikov

Andrei Yu. Khrennikov