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Series in optics and optoelectronics

Stopped, stored, and regenerated light

Published Nov 30, 2004• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1201/9781420034332.ch6

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Storing interacting photons in ensembles of highly excited Rydberg atoms makes it possible to realize photon-photon gates. The efficiency of stopping and retrieving pairs of single-photon pulses in any Rydberg medium is, however, significantly influenced by their mutual interaction. The corresponding dynamical process is rather complicated due to the interaction constantly changing with the relative positions of photon pulses and the associated dissipation. Applying the numerical calculations based on first principles, we reveal the detail of such a dynamical process by showing how the interacting pulses evolve in various situations. Other important issues, such as the use of nonadiabatic passage for stopping photons and the optimal way to regenerate photons, are also investigated.
We present a general analysis for the criteria to stop and store light coherently. We show that a light pulse can be stopped in any physical system, provided that (i) the system bandwidth can be compressed to zero; (ii) the system has sufficient degrees of freedom to accommodate the pulse, and the bandwidth compression occurs while the pulse is in the system; and (iii) the bandwidth compression is done reversibly in an adiabatic fashion that preserves the phase space and the information in the original photon pulse during the entire duration of the stopping process. Based upon this general criterion, we present a brief discussion of stopping-light schemes using atomic resonances, and a detailed analysis of the all-optical scheme that we recently proposed. We show that the all-optical scheme can achieve arbitrarily small group velocities for large bandwidth pulses, and opens up new opportunities in both fundamental sciences and technological applications.