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Physical Review A

Generation of tree-type three-dimensional entangled states via adiabatic passage

Chong Song, Shi‐Lei Su, Jin‐Lei Wu, Dongyang Wang, Xin Ji, Shou Zhang

Published Jun 20, 2016• 31 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for generating a type of novel tree-type three-dimensional entangled state. In the scheme, an atom and two Bose--Einstein condensates (BECs) are individually trapped in three spatially separated optical cavities which are connected by two optical fibers. Because the system evolves along the dark state via adiabatic passage, the populations of the intermediate excited states of the atom and BECs are so negligible that the influence of atomic spontaneous radiation on the fidelity is restrained. In addition, because of the certain limit condition used, the cavity decay and fiber loss are efficiently suppressed. This novel three-dimensional entangled state is likely to have applications for improving quantum communication security.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.93.062321

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We propose a scheme for generating a type of novel tree-type three-dimensional entangled state. In the scheme, an atom and two Bose--Einstein condensates (BECs) are individually trapped in three spatially separated optical cavities which are connected by two optical fibers. Because the system evolves along the dark state via adiabatic passage, the populations of the intermediate excited states of the atom and BECs are so negligible that the influence of atomic spontaneous radiation on the fidelity is restrained. In addition, because of the certain limit condition used, the cavity decay and fiber loss are efficiently suppressed. This novel three-dimensional entangled state is likely to have applications for improving quantum communication security.
A scheme is proposed for the deterministic generation of three-dimensional entanglement of two distant atoms separately trapped in two optical cavities connected by an optical fiber. Employing adiabatic passage along dark states, the atoms are always in ground states, in particular, the fiber mode remains in the vacuum state due to the quantum destructive interference, and the population of the cavities being excited can be negligible under certain conditions. In this sense, our scheme constructs an effective way to avoid the atomic spontaneous emission and the decays of fiber and cavities.
Inspired by a recently experiment by M. Lettner et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 210503 (2011)], we propose a robust scheme to prepare three-dimensional entanglement state between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) technique. The atomic spontaneous radiation, the cavity decay, and the fiber loss are efficiently suppressed by the engineering adiabatic passage. Our strictly numerical simulation shows our proposal is good enough to demonstrate the generation of three-dimensional entanglement with high fidelity and within the current experimental technology.
Recently, a novel three-dimensional entangled state called tree-type entanglement, which is likely to have applications for improving quantum communication security, was prepared via adiabatic passage by Song et al. Here we propose two schemes for fast generating tree-type three-dimensional entanglement among three spatially separated atoms via shortcuts to adiabatic passage. With the help of quantum Zeno dynamics, two kinds of different but equivalent methods, Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants and transitionless quantum driving, are applied to construct shortcuts to adiabatic passage. The comparisons between the two methods are discussed. The strict numerical simulations show that the tree-type three-dimensional entangled states can be fast prepared with quite high fidelities and the two schemes are both robust against the variations in the parameters, atomic spontaneous emissions and the cavity-fiber photon leakages.
We propose an adiabatic passage approach to generate two atoms three-dimensional entanglement with the help of quantum Zeno dynamics in a time-dependent interacting field. The atoms are trapped in two spatially separated cavities connected by a fiber, so that the individual addressing is needless. Because the scheme is based on the resonant interaction, the time required to generate entanglement is greatly shortened. Since the fields remain in vacuum state and all the atoms are in the ground states, the losses due to the excitation of photons and the spontaneous transition of atoms are suppressed efficiently compared with the dispersive protocols. Numerical simulation results show that the scheme is robust against the decoherences caused by the cavity decay and atomic spontaneous emission. Additionally, the scheme can be generalized to generate N-atom three-dimensional entanglement and high-dimensional entanglement for two spatially separated atoms.
We propose several robust schemes to prepare entangled states among spatially separated $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type atoms via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage and fractional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage techniques. The atomic spontaneous radiation, the cavity decay, and the fiber loss are efficiently suppressed by engineering adiabatic passage and controlling appropriately atom-field couplings. The schemes can be extended to generate the nnn-cavity mode WWW state.
A scheme is proposed for generating a multiparticle three-dimensional entangled state by appropriately adiabatic evolutions, where atoms are respectively trapped in separated cavities so that individual addressing is needless. In the ideal case, losses due to the spontaneous transition of an atom and the excitation of photons are efficiently suppressed since atoms are all in ground states and the fields remain in a vacuum state. Compared with the previous proposals, the present scheme reduces its required operation time via simultaneously controlling four classical fields. This advantage would become even more obvious as the number of atoms increases. The experimental feasibility is also discussed. The successful preparation of a high-dimensional multiparticle entangled state among distant atoms provides better prospects for quantum communication and distributed quantum computation.