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Spatial quantization of SRS energy

Nicolaii V. Tcherniega, Anna D. Kudryavtseva, Albina I. Sokolovskaya, Xuan Nguyen Phu, Genevieve Rivoire

Published May 8, 1994• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

In connection with successful development of quantum-optics theory and ideas about atoms' and molecules' cooperativo behavior in a light field, many nonlinear optics phenomena that have been observed experimentally, induding stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), began to be explained from this point of view.

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Experimental studies of spatial and temporal coherence of SRS in hydrogen [1] have pointed out the need of a quantum theory in the nonlinear regime. Previous studies have dealt either with diffraction in a linearized regime [2] or with a nonlinear light‐matter description in the uniform‐plane‐wave regime [3]. Both diffraction and nonlinear effects are examined herein. The Stokes pulse builds up from quantum initiation as does the superfluorescence SF emission [4]. The interplay of diffraction coupling, transverse variations of the atomic density and quantum fluctuations on the Stokes buildup was simulated using a self‐consistant numerical algorithm [5] previously developed for finite beam effects in Self‐Induced‐Transparency [6,7].

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Coherent Raman Interaction in Gas-Filled Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fibers

A. Abdolvand

In this thesis I study coherent light-matter interactions via stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in a gas-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF).The HC-PCF constitutes the foundation of the experimental results presented in this thesis, as without its unique properties realization of these experiments would not have been possible.These unique properties include tight confinement of laser light and matter in the small core of the fiber, which leads to extremely high conversion efficiencies in the SRS, and spectral filtering of unwanted nonlinear waves.This setup creates a clean system of two optical fields interacting via Raman medium inside the core of the fiber.This thesis consists of three parts.The first part (chapter 2) includes a general overview of the different types of HC-PCF, their fabrication techniques and guidance mechanisms.Two types of HC-PCF are considered: photonic bandgap HC-PCF and kagomé-HC-PCF.Guidance mechanisms of these two types of fibers are considered in detail.Of particular interest to me is the broadband guidance in kagomé-HC-PCF.Up to now, the mechanism responsible for this broadband guidance is not understood.A simplified semi-analytical model is derived which accounts for this broadband guidance in kagomé-HC-PCF and explain many of its guidance properties.In particular, using the model, the fiber loss as a function of wavelength is reproduced fairly well.The model also explains an important feature of kagomé-HC-PCF, namely, the insensitivity of its loss to the number of cladding layers.In the second part of the thesis (chapter 3), I set the basic theoretical formalism of SRS to be used in the rest of the thesis.The aim of the chapter is to derive the coupled wave equations that govern the evolution of the pump, Stokes and coherence fields using classical as well as semi-classical approaches.The third part of the thesis (chapters 4, 5, 6 and 7) discusses the results of experimental and theoretical investigations of my studies on SRS in gas-filled HC-PCF.I start with an overview of the already know results about SRS in HC-PCF and explain the mechanism of phase-locking for efficient generation of anti-Stokes SRS.This work clarifies high conversion efficiencies to anti-Stokes frequencies observed in early experiments.Most of these early experiments are focused on lowering the threshold for SRS generation and are done at relatively high pressures.In chapters 5 and 6, I use some of the unique properties of the HC-PCF to explore the coherent light-matter SRS interaction regimes not previously accessible.This includes the first experimental observation of backward superluminal solitary waves and self-similar solutions of SRS coupled-wave equations.These results represent a significant advance in the study of coherent effects and point to a new generation of highly engineerable gas cells for studying complex nonlinear phenomena.In chapter 7, I briefly overview the results presented in previous chapters and conclude my thesis by explaining possible improvements as well as new interesting directions in studying coherent light-matter interactions in gas-filled HC-PCF.In particular, I introduce a simple scheme for generating (purely rotational) broadband coherent frequency comb at low pump pulse energies using a gas-filled HC-PCF.Generation of such a frequency comb is quite interesting for synthesizing ultrashort pulses as well as a broad coherent tunable light source with high spectral brightness.The classic system of education is mainly based on the ability of deductive reasoning and knowledge of the classics.Quite often, in the course of learning that, we lose the joy and excitement of thinking.Scientific research, on the other hand, is not just about knowing and reasoning, but also thinking, creativity and courage of realizing new ideas.For that, I am hugely indebted to my supervisor, Prof. Philip Russell.Philip, thank you for teaching me the divergent way of thinking, to see many solutions to one problem, for giving me the courage to express my ideas and for providing excellent facilities and environment to realize them.I would also like to thank Prof. Curtis Menyuk for very nice discussions and comments about my thesis and specially the work he has done on self-similarity.Your deep insight and understanding of the physics and the beauty of mathematics behind it, is truly amazing and I really hope that in future I would have the opportunity to learn more from you.Many thanks go to Dr. Johannes Nold for who he is and

•Jan 1, 2011•0 citations
Experimental studies of spatial and temporal coherence of SRS in hydrogen [1] have pointed out the need of a quantum theory in the nonlinear regime. Previous studies have dealt either with diffraction in a linearized regime [2] or with a nonlinear light‐matter description in the uniform‐plane‐wave regime [3]. Both diffraction and nonlinear effects are examined herein. The Stokes pulse builds up from quantum initiation as does the superfluorescence SF emission [4]. The interplay of diffraction coupling, transverse variations of the atomic density and quantum fluctuations on the Stokes buildup was simulated using a self‐consistant numerical algorithm [5] previously developed for finite beam effects in Self‐Induced‐Transparency [6,7].
Abstract Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a powerful technique for imaging and spectroscopy, in particular in chemistry and biology. By introducing a full quantum description, we determine the ultimate quantum limits of precision and optimal strategies to approach them within the rigorous framework offered by quantum metrology. This approach reveals optimal uses of squeezed states, and the possibility of enhancing the resolution beyond recent experiments. Our work establishes a basis for approaching quantum precision limits in SRS and integrating nonlinear spectroscopy and imaging with emerging quantum technologies.
Quantum entanglement offers an incredible resource for enhancing the sensing and spectroscopic probes. Here we develop a microscopic theory for the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) using entangled photons. We demonstrate that the time-energy correlation of the photon pairs can optimize the signal for polyatomic molecules. Our results show that the spectral-line intensity of the entangled-photon SRS (ESRS) is of the same order of magnitude as the one for the entangled two-photon absorption (ETPA); the parameter window is thus identified to do so. Moreover, the vibrational coherence is found to play an important role for enhancing the ESRS against the ETPA intensity. Our work paves a firm road for extending the schemes of molecular spectroscopy with quantum light, based on the observation of the ETPA in experiments.
In this thesis I study coherent light-matter interactions via stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in a gas-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF).The HC-PCF constitutes the foundation of the experimental results presented in this thesis, as without its unique properties realization of these experiments would not have been possible.These unique properties include tight confinement of laser light and matter in the small core of the fiber, which leads to extremely high conversion efficiencies in the SRS, and spectral filtering of unwanted nonlinear waves.This setup creates a clean system of two optical fields interacting via Raman medium inside the core of the fiber.This thesis consists of three parts.The first part (chapter 2) includes a general overview of the different types of HC-PCF, their fabrication techniques and guidance mechanisms.Two types of HC-PCF are considered: photonic bandgap HC-PCF and kagomé-HC-PCF.Guidance mechanisms of these two types of fibers are considered in detail.Of particular interest to me is the broadband guidance in kagomé-HC-PCF.Up to now, the mechanism responsible for this broadband guidance is not understood.A simplified semi-analytical model is derived which accounts for this broadband guidance in kagomé-HC-PCF and explain many of its guidance properties.In particular, using the model, the fiber loss as a function of wavelength is reproduced fairly well.The model also explains an important feature of kagomé-HC-PCF, namely, the insensitivity of its loss to the number of cladding layers.In the second part of the thesis (chapter 3), I set the basic theoretical formalism of SRS to be used in the rest of the thesis.The aim of the chapter is to derive the coupled wave equations that govern the evolution of the pump, Stokes and coherence fields using classical as well as semi-classical approaches.The third part of the thesis (chapters 4, 5, 6 and 7) discusses the results of experimental and theoretical investigations of my studies on SRS in gas-filled HC-PCF.I start with an overview of the already know results about SRS in HC-PCF and explain the mechanism of phase-locking for efficient generation of anti-Stokes SRS.This work clarifies high conversion efficiencies to anti-Stokes frequencies observed in early experiments.Most of these early experiments are focused on lowering the threshold for SRS generation and are done at relatively high pressures.In chapters 5 and 6, I use some of the unique properties of the HC-PCF to explore the coherent light-matter SRS interaction regimes not previously accessible.This includes the first experimental observation of backward superluminal solitary waves and self-similar solutions of SRS coupled-wave equations.These results represent a significant advance in the study of coherent effects and point to a new generation of highly engineerable gas cells for studying complex nonlinear phenomena.In chapter 7, I briefly overview the results presented in previous chapters and conclude my thesis by explaining possible improvements as well as new interesting directions in studying coherent light-matter interactions in gas-filled HC-PCF.In particular, I introduce a simple scheme for generating (purely rotational) broadband coherent frequency comb at low pump pulse energies using a gas-filled HC-PCF.Generation of such a frequency comb is quite interesting for synthesizing ultrashort pulses as well as a broad coherent tunable light source with high spectral brightness.The classic system of education is mainly based on the ability of deductive reasoning and knowledge of the classics.Quite often, in the course of learning that, we lose the joy and excitement of thinking.Scientific research, on the other hand, is not just about knowing and reasoning, but also thinking, creativity and courage of realizing new ideas.For that, I am hugely indebted to my supervisor, Prof. Philip Russell.Philip, thank you for teaching me the divergent way of thinking, to see many solutions to one problem, for giving me the courage to express my ideas and for providing excellent facilities and environment to realize them.I would also like to thank Prof. Curtis Menyuk for very nice discussions and comments about my thesis and specially the work he has done on self-similarity.Your deep insight and understanding of the physics and the beauty of mathematics behind it, is truly amazing and I really hope that in future I would have the opportunity to learn more from you.Many thanks go to Dr. Johannes Nold for who he is and