Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a powerful tool for the manipulation and articulation of quantum systems. I will discuss SRS as a tool to mediate the transfer of coherence between light and matter, and describe some practical applications in the development of quantum technologies.
Abstract Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a powerful technique for imaging and spectroscopy, in particular in chemistry and biology. By introducing a full quantum description, we determine the ultimate quantum limits of precision and optimal strategies to approach them within the rigorous framework offered by quantum metrology. This approach reveals optimal uses of squeezed states, and the possibility of enhancing the resolution beyond recent experiments. Our work establishes a basis for approaching quantum precision limits in SRS and integrating nonlinear spectroscopy and imaging with emerging quantum technologies.
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopes are a standard technique to image cells, tissues or track the uptake of drugs [1] . The sensitivity in these devices is directly linked to the laser power. While an increase of sensitivity is desired, increasing the laser power is challenging and squeezed light offers a solution to this challenge. Recently squeezed light has been used to enhance the sensitivity of continuous-wave and pulsed SRS [2] , [3] setups and stimulated emission spectroscopy [4] .
Experimental studies of spatial and temporal coherence of SRS in hydrogen [1] have pointed out the need of a quantum theory in the nonlinear regime. Previous studies have dealt either with diffraction in a linearized regime [2] or with a nonlinear light‐matter description in the uniform‐plane‐wave regime [3]. Both diffraction and nonlinear effects are examined herein. The Stokes pulse builds up from quantum initiation as does the superfluorescence SF emission [4]. The interplay of diffraction coupling, transverse variations of the atomic density and quantum fluctuations on the Stokes buildup was simulated using a self‐consistant numerical algorithm [5] previously developed for finite beam effects in Self‐Induced‐Transparency [6,7].
Quantum-enhanced stimulated Raman scattering (QE-SRS) microscopy sits at the intersection of biomedical imaging, laser microscopy, and quantum optics toward realizing sensitive molecular-vibrational imaging. This Perspective explores the current status of this emerging field, integrating viewpoints from these diverse disciplines to highlight its potential for advancing biological and medical imaging. We discuss key challenges and future directions in leveraging quantum light to push the sensitivity limits of SRS microscopy, paving the way for next-generation imaging modalities.
The far field direction of propagation of light pulses generated by transient, single pass stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is observed to fluctuate front pulse to pulse due to quantum mechanical uncertainties in the occupation numbers of different coherent spatial modes. When SRS is generated on the Q(l) vibrational transition in hydrogen with an interaction region Fresnel number near unity, the lowest-order coherent spatial mode dominates the generation process, leading to near-diffraction-limited Stokes light.