We consider an assembly of N indistinguishable two-level atoms, for which a concept of spin- squeezing and entanglement measures can be well defined. Permutation symmetry of such a state allows one to use an entanglement measure called the concurrence as the measures of pairwise and also N-partite entanglement. Dy using these measures, we show that negative pair-spin correlations of the state are quantum ones. It implies the quantumness of a spin-squeezing, which also possesses pair-spin negative correlations. We also provide the entanglement measures of a macroscopic entangled state and an atomic Dicke state for super-radiant and spontaneous emissions.
We study spin squeezing, negative correlations, and concurrence in the quantum kicked top model. We prove that the spin squeezing and negative correlations are equivalent for spin systems with only symmetric Dicke states populated. We numerically analyze spin squeezing parameters and concurrence in this model and find that the maximal spin squeezing direction, which refers to the minimal pairwise correlation direction, is strongly influenced by quantum chaos. Entanglement (spin squeezing) sudden death and sudden birth occur alternatively for the periodic and quasiperiodic cases, while only entanglement (spin squeezing) sudden death is found for the chaotic case.
We study the constructions of Dicke states of identical particles of spin-
1,
3/2 and
2 in the number representation with given particle number
N and magnetic quantum number
M. The complete bases and corresponding coefficients in the Dicke states are given, in terms of which the Dicke states are explicitly expressed in the number representation. As a byproduct, a rule of how to construct all the anti-symmetric states in these high spin systems is given. Finally, by employing the negativity as the entanglement measure, we explore the entanglement properties for spin-
1 cases including certain pure states of two particles and many-particle Dicke states.