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Phase control of cross-phase modulation with electromagnetically induced transparency

孙辉, 钮月萍, 金石琦, 龚尚庆

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We investigate a four-level double-Lambda atomic scheme interacting with four laser fields, a weak probe field, a weak signal field and two driven fields, in a closed-loop configuration. We study the Kerr nonlinearity associated with cross-phase modulation based on electromagnetically induced transparency. Our results show, in this closed-loop system, that the strength of cross-phase modulation and two-photon absorption are dependent critically on the relative phase between the excitation paths. By choosing the parameters appropriately, large cross-phase modulation can be achieved within a wide transparency window, while two-photon absorption is cancelled completely. The strength of cross-phase modulation can be enhanced much more by decreasing the intensities of two driven fields.

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We investigate a four-level double-Lambda atomic scheme interacting with four laser fields, a weak probe field, a weak signal field and two driven fields, in a closed-loop configuration. We study the Kerr nonlinearity associated with cross-phase modulation based on electromagnetically induced transparency. Our results show, in this closed-loop system, that the strength of cross-phase modulation and two-photon absorption are dependent critically on the relative phase between the excitation paths. By choosing the parameters appropriately, large cross-phase modulation can be achieved within a wide transparency window, while two-photon absorption is cancelled completely. The strength of cross-phase modulation can be enhanced much more by decreasing the intensities of two driven fields.
We investigate a four-level double-Λ atomic scheme interacting with four laser fields, a weak probe field, a weak signal field and two driven fields, in a closed-loop configuration. We study the Kerr nonlinearity associated with cross-phase modulation based on electromagnetically induced transparency. Our results show, in this closed-loop system, that the strength of cross-phase modulation and two-photon absorption are dependent critically on the relative phase between the excitation paths. By choosing the parameters appropriately, large cross-phase modulation can be achieved within a wide transparency window, while two-photon absorption is cancelled completely. The strength of cross-phase modulation can be enhanced much more by decreasing the intensities of two driven fields.
We investigate, both theoretically and experimentally, the cross-Kerr nonlinearity generated in a four-level tripod system in the 87Rb D1 line. The system exhibits simultaneous electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows for two weak (probe and trigger) fields and the enhanced cross-Kerr nonlinearity by EIT. The cross-Kerr nonlinear phase shifts for probe (trigger) field are measured at several different intensities of trigger (probe) field. The results show that large cross-phase modulation (XPM) coefficients can be achieved at low light intensities.
The electromagnetically induced grating is investigated in a four-level double V-type quantum system. It is shown that the electromagnetically induced transparency established by the cross-Kerr nonlinear effect can be canceled by the four-wave mixing in a closed-loop atomic system and that the diffraction of the probe beam depends on the relative phase of the applied fields and can be controlled by this parameter. We find that an additional nonlinear contribution is established in the medium response by applying a microwave field to the system and that the electromagnetically induced absorption grating turns to the electromagnetically induced phase grating. This contribution leads to 100% diffraction efficiency in the first-order direction, so we can say that the proposed grating could be considered as a special candidate for the optical networking and communication.
The optical properties of a four-level double-V-type closed-loop system is studied in the multiphoton resonance condition. It is shown that the phase-dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window is established and by changing the relative phase of the applied fields, EIT switches to electromagnetically induced absorption. Moreover, the optical bistability (OB) behavior of the system is studied, and it is demonstrated that the cross-Kerr-effect-induced OB depends on the relative phase of the applied fields, and it can be controlled by either intensity or relative phase of laser fields. By applying a microwave field to drive the hyperfine transition between two lower states, the optical properties change and OB switches to optical multistability. This can be used for detection of longer wavelengths than visible light.
A four-level inverted-Y scheme with an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) core is investigated for the enhancement of cross-Kerr effect in rubidium atoms. When detunings of the coupling and control fields are appropriately set, an enhanced EIT window is observed, and the induced phase shift of the probe field due to cross-phase modulation (XPM) is obtained by measuring the dispersive property of the probe transition. The maximal XPM phase shift is about 12° under the current experimental conditions. The experimental measurements agree well with the theoretical calculations. The enhanced XPM phase shift in such an atomic system has applications in quantum nonlinear optics and quantum information science.
We report experimental observations on the simultaneous electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effects for probe and trigger fields (double EIT) as well as the enhanced cross-phase modulation (XPM) between the two fields in a four-level tripod EIT system of the D1 line of 87Rb atoms. The XPM coefficients (larger than 2 x 10(-5) cm2/W) and the accompanying transmissions (higher than 60%) are measured at a slight detuning of the probe field from the exact EIT-resonance condition. The system and enhanced cross-Kerr nonlinearities presented here can be applied to quantum information processes.