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[Anti-stokes blue fluorescence and stark splitting of 3H4 in Pr3+:Y2SiO5 (YSO)].

Yanliang Zhang, Zhenrong Sun, Yuqiong Li, Liangen Ding, Zugeng Wang

Published Apr 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In the Pr3+ -doped Y2SiO5, the population in 1D2 of Pr3+ can be transferred to 3P0 state via non-radiative energy transfer by the laser excitation in resonance with 3H4-->1D2 , and we can experimentally study the Stark splitting of 3H4 energy level via 3P0 -->3H4 anti-Stokes emission spectra. Because the anti-Stokes emission spectra can avoid the energy transfer between different crystallographic site 1D2 energy levels, the above splitting lines attribution is more accurate than the assignment via 1D2-->3H4 Stokes spectra by the laser excitation in resonance with 3H4-->1D2. In addition, the character of the anti-Stokes fluorescence decay time was observed.

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In the Pr3+ -doped Y2SiO5, the population in 1D2 of Pr3+ can be transferred to 3P0 state via non-radiative energy transfer by the laser excitation in resonance with 3H4-->1D2 , and we can experimentally study the Stark splitting of 3H4 energy level via 3P0 -->3H4 anti-Stokes emission spectra. Because the anti-Stokes emission spectra can avoid the energy transfer between different crystallographic site 1D2 energy levels, the above splitting lines attribution is more accurate than the assignment via 1D2-->3H4 Stokes spectra by the laser excitation in resonance with 3H4-->1D2. In addition, the character of the anti-Stokes fluorescence decay time was observed.
In the Pr(superscript 3+) -doped Y2SiO5, the population in 1D2 of Pr(superscript 3+) can be transferred to 3P0 state via non-radiative energy transfer by the laser excitation in resonance with 3H4→1D2, and we can experimentally study the Stark splitting of 3H4 energy level via 3P0→3H4 anti-Stokes emission spectra. Because the anti-Stokes emission spectra can avoid the energy transfer between different crystallographic site 1D2 energy levels, the above splitting lines attribution is more accurate than the assignment via 1D2→3H4 Stokes spectra by the laser excitation in resonance with 3H4. In addition, the character of the anti-Stokes fluorescence decay time was observed.
Anti-Stokes fluorescence from the 3 P 0 level of impurity ions was detected in Pr 3+ : Y 2 SiO 5 , Pr 3+ : Lu 2 SiO 5 , and Pr 3+ : Gd 2 SiO 5 crystals non-resonantly pumped by laser radiation with a certain power density. The integrated intensity of the anti-Stokes fluorescence depends nonlinearly on the pump power density. As the atomic concentration of impurity ions was increased from 0.3% to 0.6% and 1.8%, the anti-Stokes fluorescence intensity was saturated due to the concentration quenching of the 1 D 2 term of the impurity Pr 3+ ions. The anti-Stokes fluorescence and quenching of the 1 D 2 term occur due to the cross relaxation of the electronic energy of excited terms of the Pr 3+ ions.
Studies of infrared quantum counter upconversion in LaF3:Pr3+ and LaCl3:Pr3+ have led to the discovery of a process in which a red excitation photon results in the emission of a blue photon. When the 1D2 level of Pr3+ is excited by a cw rhodamine 6-G dye laser, blue fluorescence from the 3P0 level is observed. From the flux dependence and lifetime of the induced fluorescence, we conclude that the observed phenomenon arises from excitation annihilation involving pairs of ions in the 3H6 and the 1D2 states.
An optical characterization of the Stark components of the 1D2 and 3H4 manifolds has been performed using the fluorescence spectra for the 1D2→3H4 transition of Pr3+ in Sr5(PO4)3F laser host at 10 K. The temperature dependencies of the spectral width, position, and shift of the sharp, intense inter-Stark transition of the 623.6 (X2→Y5) nm line within the 1D2→3H4 inter-manifold transition have been also investigated. The linewidth of this transition was found to increase with increasing crystal temperature. Also, the 623.6 nm line was found to shift toward the longer wavelength (redshift) as temperature was increased. The experimental results of the temperature dependent width and shift of this line are explained in light of the Debye model, which invokes phonon-ion interaction in crystalline solids.
Excited-state absorption spectra obtained by a pulsed pump–probe technique specially designed for the near-UV spectral domain were recorded in three Pr3+-doped fluoride crystals (KY3F10,LiYF4, and BaY2F8). These excited-state absorption spectra correspond to optical transitions from the 3P0 or the 1D2 metastable levels of the 4f2 configuration up to the first energy levels of the 4f5d electronic configuration. The position, the anisotropic behavior, and the line shape of the observed excited-state absorption bands are discussed and compared with ground-state absorption (from level 3H4) or direct excitation spectra available in the literature. Subsequently, two-step excitation into the 4f5d high-lying energy levels of Pr3 by means of 3P0 and 1D2 is shown to be an efficient way to produce broadband UV fluorescence by use of pump beams in the blue and the near UV.
We are interested, in this work, in determining the Stark sub-level of Er3+ ions doping a KY3F10 single crystal with a molar concentration of 1%. We have used a new method of measurement of energies of the ground level and emitting levels from excitation and anti-Stokes emission spectra recorded at liquid nitrogen temperature. This technique is based on a spectral analysis of the anti-Stokes emissions recorded after selective excitation with a red dye tunable laser. Thus, we could determine the Stark sub-levels of the ground and the principal emitting levels in the infrared, visible and near-UV ranges with a very good precision.