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Modern Physics Letters B

Protecting quantum entanglement and nonlocality for tripartite states under decoherence

Rui Zhang, Yu Hao Yin, Wen Chao Ma, Liu Ye

Published Jun 29, 2016• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum entanglement and nonlocality will suffer inevitable harm from decoherence environment. Based on GHZ state, we study the harm of the generalized amplitude damping (GAD) operation and the protection by the single local filtering (SLF) operation in this paper. We verify that the SLF functions to depress the loss of entanglement and nonlocality from GAD. This conclusion will guide us to select the best method to protect the GHZ state from GAD decoherence.

DOI
10.1142/s021798491650158x

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Quantum entanglement and nonlocality will suffer inevitable harm from decoherence environment. Based on GHZ state, we study the harm of the generalized amplitude damping (GAD) operation and the protection by the single local filtering (SLF) operation in this paper. We verify that the SLF functions to depress the loss of entanglement and nonlocality from GAD. This conclusion will guide us to select the best method to protect the GHZ state from GAD decoherence.
In practical application, since quantum entanglement is inevitably destroyed by thermal noise resulted from environment, protecting entanglement from decoherence in thermal bath environment becomes a critically important issue in the field of quantum information. In this work, we propose a scheme to protect the tripartite Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) entanglement state subjected to the generalized amplitude damping (GAD) channel based on the quantum technique of weak measurement (WM) and quantum measurement reversal (QMR). By optimizing the strengths of WM and QMR, the decoherence caused by the channel can be effectively suppressed. The results show that after performing the optimal pre- and post-channel weak measurement, the negativity of the GHZ state can be effectively improved with a certain probability, and the phenomenon of sudden death can be delayed to a certain degree. This scheme can be applied to the decoherence suppression of GAD channel at finite temperature.
Genuine multipartite entanglement of a quantum system can be partially destroyed by local decoherence. Is it possible to retrieve the entanglement to some extent by a single local operation? The answer to this question depends very much on the type of initial genuine entanglement. For initially pure WWW and cluster states and if the decoherence is given by generalized amplitude damping, the answer is shown to be positive. In this case, the entanglement retrieving is achieved just by redistributing the remained entanglement of the system.
In this paper we study the protection of N-qubit Greenberger-Horne- Zeilinger (GHZ) state and generalized N-qubit GHZ states in amplitude damping channel by means of quantum weak measurement and flip operations. We derive the explicit formulas of the performances of the protection scheme: average fidelity, average probability and the average quantum fisher information (QFI). Moreover, the analytical results for maximizing the average fidelity and probability are obtained. We show that our scheme can effectively protect the average QFI of phase for GHZ states and generalized GHZ states. The proposed scheme has the merit of protecting GHZ state and the QFI of phase against heavy amplitude damping noise. Further we show that for some generalize GHZ state, the proposed scheme can protect the state with probability one and fidelity more than 99%.
This paper is to investigate the effects of quantum noises on entanglement localization by taking an example of reducing a three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state to a two-qubit entangled state. We consider, respectively, two types of quantum decoherence, i.e., amplitude-damping and depolarizing decoherence, and explore the best von Neumann measurements on one of three qubits of the triple GHZ state for making the amount of entanglement of the collapsed bipartite state be as large as possible. The results indicate that different noises have different impacts on entanglement localization, and that the optimal strategy for reducing a three-qubit GHZ state to a two-qubit one via local measurements and classical communications in the amplitude-damping case is different from that in the noise-free case. We also show that the idea of entanglement localization could be utilized to improve the quality of bipartite entanglement distributing through amplitude-damping channels. These findings might shed a new light on entanglement manipulations and transformations.
We investigate the possibility to restore genuine tripartite entanglement under local amplitude damping. We show that it is possible to protect genuine entanglement using CNOT and Hadamard gates. We analyze several ordering of such recovery operations. We find that for recovery operations applied after exposing qubits to decoherence, there is no enhancement in lifetime of genuine entanglement. Actual retrieval of entanglement is only possible when reversal scheme is applied before and after the decoherence process. We find that retrieval of entanglement for mixture of [Formula: see text] state with white noise is more evident than the respective mixture of [Formula: see text] state. We also find the retrieval of entanglement for similar mixture of [Formula: see text] state as well.
Entanglement protection from noisy environments is an essential task in practical quantum information and communication. In this paper, we investigate the entanglement recovery of an amplitude-damped tripartite GHZ state by a weak-measurement reversal procedure. In particular, we emphasize the key importance of the inequivalency of probability amplitudes of the tripartite system under the recovery technique. We explore the maximal and non-maximal tripartite entangled state scenarios under amplitude damping noise in the absence and presence of weak measurement reversal procedures. Importantly, the non-maximal entangled state turns out to be a good choice for the entanglement recovery via weak-measurement reversal procedure.