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Laser Physics Letters

Enhanced cross-Kerr effect for probing tunnelling in coupled quantum dots

Yandong Peng, Aihong Yang, Bing Chen, Shaomei Zhang, Shande Liu, Xueshui Wang

Published Dec 17, 2015• 18 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract An efficient scheme for probing electron tunnelling is proposed based on the enhanced cross-Kerr nonlinearity in a double–dot system. Due to resonant tunnelling, the cross-Kerr nonlinearity arises in a transparency window. Its intensity is nearly two orders of magnitude greater than that of the self-Kerr effect under any given conditions, where residual absorption is suppressed due to the competition of nonlinear gain and absorption. The enhanced cross-Kerr effect is sensitive to the tunnelling, so the probe spectrum can detect subtle tunnelling changes. The simulation results show that the probe sensitivity of the nonlinear phase shift is about 0.28 rad/ μ eV.

DOI
10.1088/1612-2011/13/2/025401

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Abstract An efficient scheme for probing electron tunnelling is proposed based on the enhanced cross-Kerr nonlinearity in a double–dot system. Due to resonant tunnelling, the cross-Kerr nonlinearity arises in a transparency window. Its intensity is nearly two orders of magnitude greater than that of the self-Kerr effect under any given conditions, where residual absorption is suppressed due to the competition of nonlinear gain and absorption. The enhanced cross-Kerr effect is sensitive to the tunnelling, so the probe spectrum can detect subtle tunnelling changes. The simulation results show that the probe sensitivity of the nonlinear phase shift is about 0.28 rad/ μ eV.
A scheme for giant enhancement of the Kerr nonlinearity in linear triple quantum dot molecules is proposed. In such a system, the tunneling-induced transparency window obtained in double quantum dot molecules splits into two windows, due to the coupling with the third quantum dot. And most important, the Kerr nonlinearity can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude, compared with that generated in double quantum dot molecules. With proper detuning of the tunneling, giant Kerr nonlinearity accompanied by vanishing absorption can be realized, which opens the possibility to enhance self-phase modulation in tunneling controllable semiconductor nanostructures under conditions of low light levels. Quantitative analysis shows that the giant Kerr nonlinearity is attributed to the interacting double dark resonances induced by the tunneling between the triple quantum dots, therefore no extra laser fields are required.
The nonlinearity of semiconductor quantum dots under the condition of low light levels has many important applications. In this study, linear absorption, self-Kerr nonlinearity, fifth-order nonlinearity and cross-Kerr nonlinearity of multiple quantum dots, which are coupled by multiple tunneling, are investigated by using the probability amplitude method. It is found that the linear and nonlinear properties of multiple quantum dots can be modified by the tunneling intensity and energy splitting of the system. Most importantly, it is possible to realize enhanced self-Kerr nonlinearity, fifth-order nonlinearity and cross-Kerr nonlinearity with low linear absorption by choosing suitable parameters for the multiple quantum dots. These results have many potential applications in nonlinear optics and quantum information devices using semiconductor quantum dots.
A scheme for giant Kerr nonlinearity via tunneling in triangular triple quantum dot molecules is proposed. In such a system, the linear absorption and the Kerr nonlinearity depend critically on the energy splitting of the excited states and the tunneling intensity. With proper parameters, giant Kerr nonlinearity accompanied by vanishing absorption can be realized. The enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity is attributed to the interacting double dark resonances induced by the tunneling between the quantum dots, requiring no extra coupling laser fields.
Abstract We propose and analyze an effective scheme to enhance Kerr nonlinearity with a single quantum dot (QD) coupled to a gain cavity. Under the weak-excitation approximation, we derive the analytic formulas used to determine the coefficient of the nonlinear transmission by employing the perturbation technique. Using experimentally achievable parameters, we identify the conditions under which a QD gain cavity coupled system allows us to modify the linear transmission of the input probe field and enhance the Kerr nonlinearity beyond what is achievable in a QD loss cavity system. It is found that enhanced optical Kerr nonlinearity with high linear transmission rate and suppressed nonlinear absorption can be achievable even in the case of weak coupling between QD and gain cavity. The present results illustrate the potential to utilize gain cavity for enhancing optical Kerr nonlinearities and controlling the transmission of light, as well as guide the design of optical devices.
We investigate the nonlinear interaction between two weak optical fields in carbon nanotube quantum dots based on electromagnetically induced transparency and spin-orbit coupling. Our results show, owing to the energy differences produced by strong spin-orbit coupling, that a giant cross-Kerr nonlinearity can be achieved with group-velocity matching, while the probe- and signal-fields absorptions are suppressed simultaneously. We demonstrate that such enhanced nonlinear optical effects can be employed to implement controlled-phase gate between pairs of single-photon pulses with high fidelity and to generate entanglement of coherent Schr\"odinger-cat states.
Kerr-nonlinearity induced self-focusing or self-defocusing effect provides the opportunity for exploring fundamental phenomena related to the light-matter interactions. Here we show that the linear and nonlinear dispersion responses are significantly sensitive to both the detunings and the tunneling strengths of the indirect-excitonic (IX) states in an asymmetric triple quantum dot system. In particular, the nonlinear dispersion properties are dominated by the tunnel-enhanced cross-Kerr nonlinearity from one of the IX states. Meanwhile, by varying the detunings of other IX states, we reveal that the tunnel-enhanced cross-Kerr nonlinearity gives rise to the realization of the self-focusing and self-defocusing effects. Moreover, by taking into account the effect of the longitudinal-acoustic-phonon induced dephasing of the IX states, it is possible to modulate the height and position of the peak of the self-focusing or self-defocusing effect. Our results may have potential applications in nonlinear-optics and quantum-optics devices based on the tunnel-enhanced nonlinearities in this solid-state system.