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Acta Physica Sinica

Experimental investigation of spectrum of strontium intercombination transition

Wang Ye-Bing, Chen Jie, Tian Xiao, Feng Gao, Chang Hong

Published Jan 1, 2012• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We observe the fluorescence and the saturated fluorescence spectra of (5s2)1S0(5s5p)3P1 intercombination transition of thermal strontium atomic beam. Experimental investigation of 88Sr(5s2)1S0(5s5p)3P1 intercombination transition is performed on the different experimental conditions. Our study indicates that experimental parameters affect spectra largely, including temperature, intensity of laser and scanning frequency of laser. Intensity of spectrum is reciprocal of scanning frequency of laser due to long lifetime of (5s5p)3P1 state of Sr atom. Owing to Doppler broadening, transit broadening and other experimental factors, the linewidth of (5s2)1S0(5s5p)3P1 fluorescence spectrum is far more than its natural linewidth and proportional scanning frequency of laser.

DOI
10.7498/aps.61.020601

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arXiv:2111.04812•Physical Review A•Jan 31, 2022•9 citations
We observe the fluorescence and the saturated fluorescence spectra of (5s2)1S0(5s5p)3P1 intercombination transition of thermal strontium atomic beam. Experimental investigation of 88Sr(5s2)1S0(5s5p)3P1 intercombination transition is performed on the different experimental conditions. Our study indicates that experimental parameters affect spectra largely, including temperature, intensity of laser and scanning frequency of laser. Intensity of spectrum is reciprocal of scanning frequency of laser due to long lifetime of (5s5p)3P1 state of Sr atom. Owing to Doppler broadening, transit broadening and other experimental factors, the linewidth of (5s2)1S0(5s5p)3P1 fluorescence spectrum is far more than its natural linewidth and proportional scanning frequency of laser.
In this paper we present a method of observing triplet state transitions of strontium. The intercombination transition is employed to pump the atom population from singlet-state (5s2)1S0 to triplet-state (5s5p)3P1 by a laser at 689 nm. Then 688 nm laser is also employed to divide atom population into the two other triplet-state states (5s5p)3P0 and (5s5p)3PP2. We can obtain the absorption signals of triplet-state transition (5s6s)3S1 → (5s5p)3P0 and (5s6p)3S1 → (5s5p)3P3P2. And these atomic absorption signals can be used for stabilizing the repumping light 679 nm and 707 nm directly to transition line of strontium. This method can be used in the Doppler cooling of strontium atoms.
This research utilizes the Electron Shelving (ES) technique to obtain a lifetime measurement of the 3P1 energy state of strontium. The 5s21 S0 → 5p 3 P1 intercombination transition is important because of its promising usefulness in optical frequency standards and high resolution spectroscopy. Unfortunately, the transition lacks a high photon scattering rate to produce a significant signal for optical studies and therefore it is advantageous to monitor the vastly stronger 1S 0 →1 P1 transition. This lifetime measurement yielded a value of tau = 23 +/- 3 mus (systematic uncertainty), which is longer than other current experimental values established in literature. Additional lineshape studies with a dependence on magnetic fields, gravitational acceleration, and laser power were performed and are discussed briefly. These lineshape studies allow an upper linewidth limit to be placed on the pumping laser causing this transition, making these secondary studies a useful method to characterize the laser.
We measure the transverse velocity distribution in a thermal Sr atomic beam precisely by velocity-selective saturated fluorescence spectroscopy. The use of an ultrastable laser system and the narrow intercombination transition line of Sr atoms mean that the resolution of the measured velocity can reach 0.13 m/s, corresponding to 90 μK in energy units. The experimental results are in very good agreement with the results of theoretical calculations. Based on the spectroscopic techniques used here, the absolute frequency of the intercombination transition of 88Sr is measured using an optical-frequency comb generator referenced to the SI second through an H maser, and is given as 434 829 121 318(10) kHz.
Experiments were carried out using a Ca atomic beam and a tunable dye laser. Lamb dips were obtained in the fluorescence line of various Ca isotopes. It is shown that the narrow signals associated with saturation of the 4s2 1S0–4s4p 3P1, intercombination transition are potentially useful for frequency standards and highresolution spectroscopy. Measurements were made of the nuclear charge radii of six stable Ca isotopes. Radiofrequency transitions between excited state sublevels were studied. The nuclear quadrupole moment of the rarely encountered isotope 43Ca was determined.
In this paper,we give a new method to measure the lifetime of 5s5p3P1 metastable state for Sr atom,based on the TOF method and the absorption spectrum technique.During the experiment,we use the 689 nm laser to pump the Sr atoms of ground state(5s2)1S0 to the 5s5p3P1 metastable state,then we obtain the 688 nm laser absorption spectrums by using the 688 nm probing laser.With these spectrums we change different parameters to obtain a good index decaying curve and then we can get the value of τ.The value of our experimental is(21.9±0.8) μs.The method presented here have a low demand of experimental setup and can get a relatively high precision synchronously.
Predicting magic wavelengths accurately requires precise knowledge of electric dipole matrix elements of nearby atomic transitions. As a result, measurements of magic wavelengths allow us to test theoretical predictions for the matrix elements that frequently cannot be probed by any other methods. Here, we calculate and measure a magic wavelength near 473 nm of the $5{s}^{2}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{1}{S}_{0}\ensuremath{-}5s5p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}{P}_{1}$ intercombination transition of 88Sr^{88}\mathrm{Sr}88Sr. Experimentally, we find 473.371(6) nm for $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}m=0$ ($\ensuremath{\pi}$ transition) and 473.117(15) nm for $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}m=\ensuremath{-}1$ (${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ transition). Theoretical calculations yield 473.375(22) and 473.145(20) nm, respectively. Determining magic wavelengths nearby the dominant 461-nm probe transition of 88Sr^{88}\mathrm{Sr}88Sr holds promise for state insensitive interfacing of strontium atoms and nanophotonic devices with a narrow band of operating wavelengths. Furthermore, the 3P1^{3}{P}_{1}3P1​ polarizability is dominated by the contributions to the 5p23P5{p}^{2}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{3}P5p23P levels, and excellent agreement of theory and experiment validates both theoretical values of these matrix elements and estimates of their uncertainties.