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Chinese Physics C

Trace Formula and Periodic Orbits Quantization for Two-Dimensional Integrable System

SongJJ, LiXG

Published Oct 1, 2001• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The general quantization condition for periodic orbits in a two-dimensional integrable system is presented via the Berry-Tabor trace formula. Using the quantization and a periodicity condition of periodic orbits the semiclassical quantization condition and semiclassical quantized energies of a two dimensional uncoupled quartic oscillator system are given in detail. The semiclassical quantized energies-periodic orbits correspondence is also analysed.

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The general quantization condition for periodic orbits in a two-dimensional integrable system is presented via the Berry-Tabor trace formula. Using the quantization and a periodicity condition of periodic orbits the semiclassical quantization condition and semiclassical quantized energies of a two dimensional uncoupled quartic oscillator system are given in detail. The semiclassical quantized energies-periodic orbits correspondence is also analysed.
Using the classical quantization way in a two dimensional integrable system and quantized energies periodic orbits correspondence relationship, the long range correlation among the quantum lavels has been discussed in detail. Making use of Berry Tabor trace formula, the quantization conditions of the action of the periodic orbits in two dimensional integrable systems have been obtained. Furthermore, considering the periodicity conditions for the periodic orbits on reasonable torus, the correspondence relations between quantum levels and classical periodic orbits in the two dimensional uncoupled oscillators have been established. It is also shown that there exist the long range correlations among these quantum levels which correspond to the group of the classical periodic orbits with same topology M (M 1,M 2) . To concert state the new points, an example has been given.
Abstract One of the fundamental results of semiclassical theory is the existence of trace formulae showing how spectra of quantum mechanical systems emerge from massive interference among amplitudes related with time-periodic structures of the corresponding classical limit. If it displays the properties of Hamiltonian integrability, this connection is given by the celebrated Berry–Tabor trace formula, and the periodic structures it is built on are tori supporting closed trajectories in phase space. Here we show how to extend this connection into the domain of quantum many-body systems displaying integrability in the sense of the Bethe ansatz, where a classical limit cannot be rigorously defined due to the presence of singular potentials. Formally following the original derivation of Berry and Tabor (1976 Proc. R. Soc. A 349 101), but applied to the Bethe equations without underlying classical structure, we obtain a many-particle trace formula for the density of states of N interacting bosons on a ring, the Lieb–Liniger model. Our semiclassical expressions are in excellent agreement with quantum mechanical results for <?CDATA N=2,3N = 2,3N=2,3?> N = 2 , 3 and 4 particles. For N = 2 we relate our results to the quantization of billiards with mixed boundary conditions. Our work paves the way towards the treatment of the important class of integrable many-body systems by means of semiclassical trace formulae pioneered by Michael Berry in the single-particle context.
This chapter discusses in some detail the connection between the classical and quantum mechanical equations of motion, largely using examples that are solvable. It recounts how the old quantum theory was formulated by quantizing the action. Choosing irreducible cycles around the tori leads naturally to defining the action and angle variables of motion, and the quantization of action around each cycle. The chapter shows that families of these periodic orbits contribute to the oscillating part of the density of states of an integrable system in the form of a trace formula. It discusses the transition from integrability to chaos in such systems when perturbations are added that couple resonantly to these natural frequencies. The chapter elaborates with a view to develop the semiclassical approximation, and the associated quantization condition. It brings out the similarity between the Schrodinger equation of wave mechanics, and the HJ equation.
Gutzwiller's trace formula has a central place in quantum chaos because it provides semiclassical approximations for quantum energy levels in classically chaotic systems by linking them to classical periodic orbits. In this didactic article, we discuss a derivation of the trace formula starting from the Feynman path integral. We then describe how the trace formula is used to explain universal features in the distribution of the quantum energy levels that are described by random matrix theory, and we give an overview of related work.
The exact and semiclassical quantum mechanics of the elliptic billiard is investigated. The classical system is integrable and exhibits a separatrix, dividing the phase space into regions of oscillatory and rotational motion. The classical separability carries over to quantum mechanics, and the Schrödinger equation is shown to be equivalent to the spheroidal wave equation. The quantum eigenvalues show a clear pattern when transformed into the classical action space. The implication of the separatrix on the wave functions is illustrated. A uniform WKB quantization taking into account complex orbits is shown to be adequate for the semiclassical quantization in the presence of a separatrix. The pattern of states in classical action space is nicely explained by this quantization procedure. We extract an effective Maslov phase varying smoothly on the energy surface, which is used to modify the Berry-Tabor trace formula, resulting in a summation over non-periodic orbits. This modified trace formula produces the correct number of states, even close to the separatrix. The Fourier transform of the density of states is explained in terms of classical orbits, and the The semiclassical quantization of a Hamiltonian system is deeply connected to the structure of its phase space. The generic Hamiltonian system contains a complicated mixture of near-integrable and