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Journal of Semiconductors

Theoretical study on erbium ytterbium co-doped super-fluorescent fiber source

Wentao Guo, Feng Du, Manqing Tan, Jian Jiao, Xiao‐Feng Guo

Published Jan 1, 2016• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Erbium ytterbium co-doped super-fluorescent fiber source (EYD-SFS) has been simulated by a theoretical model based on rate equations and power transfer equations. The output performances of four basic structures of EYD-SFS have been expressed, and it indicated that the DPF structure is a preferable structure. The dependence of output power, mean wavelength and bandwidth stability on the pump fiber length and the concentration of Er 3+ and Yb 3+ have also been studied. The results indicated with a proper doping concentration of Er 3+ and Yb 3+ of 6.0 × 10 26 ions/m 3 and 1.0 × 10 27 ions/m 3 , the optimal gain fiber length is 3.6 cm. In this condition, good performances of DPF structure of EYD-SFS have been achieved.

DOI
10.1088/1674-4926/37/1/014010

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Erbium ytterbium co-doped super-fluorescent fiber source (EYD-SFS) has been simulated by a theoretical model based on rate equations and power transfer equations. The output performances of four basic structures of EYD-SFS have been expressed, and it indicated that the DPF structure is a preferable structure. The dependence of output power, mean wavelength and bandwidth stability on the pump fiber length and the concentration of Er 3+ and Yb 3+ have also been studied. The results indicated with a proper doping concentration of Er 3+ and Yb 3+ of 6.0 × 10 26 ions/m 3 and 1.0 × 10 27 ions/m 3 , the optimal gain fiber length is 3.6 cm. In this condition, good performances of DPF structure of EYD-SFS have been achieved.
A superfluorescent fiber source (SFS) based on an Er 3+ -doped photonic crystal fiber (EDPCF) is reported. Owing to the temperature insensitivity of the EDPCF, we show that it is possible to improve the mean wavelength stability of an SFS. Using single-backward configuration, the EDPCF SFS mean wavelength variation at temperatures from −40°C to 60°C is less than 100 ppm, indicating that the thermal coefficient of the EDPCF is smaller than 1 ppm/°C and 3–6 times smaller than those of two conventional Er 3+ -doped fibers under the same experimental conditions. The best performance of the EDPCF-based SFS is obtained between 0°C and 60°C, at which the change in the mean wavelength is only 17.445 ppm.
The dependence of erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) performance on the erbium ion concentration is studied experimentally and theoretically. The quantum efficiency of the amplifier is found to he strongly dependent on the erbium ion concentration, the signal wavelength, and the relative propagation direction of the pump and signal beams. This dependence is fully explained by the presence of an upconversion mechanism between ions residing in pairs or larger clusters and suggests that other sources of amplifier performance degradation (back-ground loss, excited state absorption, homogenous upconversion) are negligible. The experimental data show that in the present EDFA designs with over 80% quantum/conversion efficiency, the aluminum co-doped fibers with erbium ion concentration less than 20/spl times/10/sup 24/ m/sup -3/ (900 molar ppm Er/sup 3+/) are most suitable.
"Doping a part of the optical fiber core by (Er3+ ) ions in presence of external pumping power will lead to form the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).The performance of this optical amplifier depends on (the power and the wavelength of the pumping laser, the power and wavelength of the input signal, amplifier length, ion concentration). These parameters will affect the characteristics of EDFA such as amplifier gain, gain saturation, noise figure and output power. However, these characteristics can be determined by solving the EDFA propagation and rate equations. The solution of these equations of two-level laser medium can be done numerically. In this paper, we are proposed a novel method to solve these equations. The reconstructed results are perfectly coincided the well known numerical results.
Considering cooperative up-conversion,cross-relaxation and excited state absorption,the rate equations of eight energy levels were founded for Yb-Er co-doped Al 2O 3 materials.The functions of coefficients of cooperative up-conversion,cross-relaxation and excited state absorption varied along with the concentrations of ytterbium and erbium were built phenomenologically.The relationship among 1.53 μm photoluminescence intensity,doped concentration,and pump power were numerically simulated for Yb-Er co-doped Al 2O 3 film.The results show that there is the optimum Yb-doped concentration when Er-doped concentration and pump power are constant.The optimal Yb∶Er ratio will decrease following with increase of pump power under the fixed Er-doped concentration,and the optimal Yb∶Er ratio will also decrease following with increase of Er-doped concentration when pump power is fixed.The computed results are in good agreement with the experiment surveys.
The on near Gaussian-shaped spectrum Erbium-doped fiber super-flourescent source was studied.The self-coherence function of Gaussian-shaped spectrum and the change of mean wavelength under different temperatures were theoretically analyzed.Using the double-pass forward configuration,the Gaussian-shaped spectrum was obtained with certain Erbium-doped fiber length.Meanwhile,pump powers could be adjusted to optimize the intrinsic thermal coefficient of Erbium-doped fiber.Finally,under the condition with erbium-doped fiber length of 10.05 m,LD power of 172 mW,the whole optical path(except pumping LD and the driving) in the environmental temperature from-40 ℃ to 60 ℃,the near Gaussian-shaped spectrum Erbium-doped fiber source with 66.651 ppm mean wavelength stability was obtained.
Doping a part of the optical fiber core by (Er3+ ) ions in presence of external pumping power will lead to form the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).The performance of this optical amplifier depends on (the power and the wavelength of the pumping laser, the power and wavelength of the input signal, amplifier length, ion concentration). These parameters will affect the characteristics of EDFA such as amplifier gain, gain saturation, noise figure and output power. However, these characteristics can be determined by solving the EDFA propagation and rate equations. The solution of these equations of two-level laser medium can be done numerically. In this paper, we are proposed a novel method to solve these equations. The reconstructed results are perfectly coincided the well known numerical results.