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Physical Review E

Dynamics of the transverse Ising model with next-nearest-neighbor interactions

P. R. C. Guimarães, J. A. Plascak, O. F. de Alcantara Bonfim, J. Florencio

Published Oct 7, 2015• 19 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the effects of next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) interactions on the dynamics of the one-dimensional spin-1/2 transverse Ising model in the high-temperature limit. We use exact diagonalization to obtain the time-dependent transverse correlation function and the corresponding spectral density for a tagged spin. Our results for chains of 13 spins with periodic boundary conditions produce results which are valid in the infinite-size limit. In general we find that the NNN coupling produces slower dynamics accompanied by an enhancement of the central mode behavior. Even in the case of a strong transverse field, if the NNN coupling is sufficiently large, then there is a crossover from collective mode to central mode behavior. We also obtain several recurrants for the continued fraction representation of the relaxation function.

DOI
10.1103/physreve.92.042115

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We study the effects of next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) interactions on the dynamics of the one-dimensional spin-1/2 transverse Ising model in the high-temperature limit. We use exact diagonalization to obtain the time-dependent transverse correlation function and the corresponding spectral density for a tagged spin. Our results for chains of 13 spins with periodic boundary conditions produce results which are valid in the infinite-size limit. In general we find that the NNN coupling produces slower dynamics accompanied by an enhancement of the central mode behavior. Even in the case of a strong transverse field, if the NNN coupling is sufficiently large, then there is a crossover from collective mode to central mode behavior. We also obtain several recurrants for the continued fraction representation of the relaxation function.
The dynamics of one-dimensional random quantum Ising model with both nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor （NNN） interactions is investigated in the high temperature limit by the method of recurrence relations. Spin autocorrelations and the corresponding spectral densities of the system are calculated. Supposing that the exchange couplings （or the transverse fields） satisfy the double-Gaussian distribution, the effects of this distribution on the dynamics of the system is studied. The results show that the dynamics of the system undergoes a crossover from a collective-mode behavior to a central-peak one when the standard deviations σJ（or σB）of the random variables are small and there is no crossover when σJ（or σB）are large. Meanwhile, the effects of NNN interactions on the dynamics of the system are studied. It is found that the central-peak behavior becomes more obvious and the collective-mode behavior becomes weaker as Ki increase, especially when Ki>Ji/2（Ji and Ki are exchange couplings of the NN and NNN interactions, respectively）. However, the effects are small when the NNN interactions are weak （KiJi/2）.
Most of the existing dynamical studies in one dimension on magnetic insulators have considered the simplest spin models with nearest-neighbor interactions. In real systems, however, it is possible that longer range interactions are not entirely negligible. It is expected that the inclusion of next-nearest-neighbor interactions between spins in one-dimensional spin models will introduce a multitude of new frequencies in addition to the ones already present in the dynamics that arises due to nearest-neighbor interactions. We first present an exact solution for the dynamical xx-spin-pair correlations in an Ising chain with both nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor interactions to confirm our expectation. We next show, via an approximate analytical calculation, that the dynamical zz-spin-pair correlations in the next-nearest-neighbor transverse Ising chain when plotted as a function of time is noticeably different with respect to the exactly solvable nearest-neighbor transverse Ising chain at T\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty} when the next-nearest-neighbor interaction is \ensuremath{\gtrsim}1/2 of the magnitude of the nearest-neighbor interaction. The effects could be fairly subtle in the time domain representation and in the spectral function when these additional interactions are weak (i.e., 1/2 of the nearest-neighbor interaction magnitude). The general conclusions reached in this work are expected to be valid for other simple quantum spin models such as the XY and XXZ models in one dimension. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
We study the time evolution of the one-dimensional random-bond transverse Ising model with four-spin interactions. We calculate the time-dependent correlation function as well as the longitudinal relaxation function of the infinite chain. We analyze how the presence of disorder affect the dynamical behavior of the system in comparison with the pure model. We find that the main effect of disorder is to produce a crossover from a central mode to a collective-mode type of dynamics, as the concentration of weaker bonds is enhanced. Such crossover is also present in the case of an increase in bond dilution.
We study the zero-temperature quenching dynamics of various extensions of the transverse Ising model (TIM) for when the transverse field is linearly quenched from to (or zero) at a finite and uniform rate. The rate of quenching is dictated by a characteristic scale given by τ. The density of kinks produced in these extended models while crossing the quantum critical points during the quenching process is calculated using a many-body generalization of the Landau–Zener transition theory. The density of kinks in the final state is found to decay as τ −1/2 . In the first model considered here, the transverse Ising Hamiltonian includes an additional ferromagnetic three-spin interaction term of strength J 3 . For J 3 <0.5, the kink density is found to increase monotonically with J 3 whereas it decreases with J 3 for J 3 >0.5. The point with J 3 = 0.5 and the transverse field h = −0.5 is multicritical, where the density shows a slower decay given by τ −1/6 . We also study the effect of ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic next nearest neighbor (NNN) interactions on the dynamics of the TIM under the same quenching scheme. In a mean field approximation, the transverse Ising Hamiltonians with NNN interactions are identical to the three-spin Hamiltonian. The NNN interactions non-trivially modify the dynamical behavior; for example an antiferromagnetic NNN interaction results in a larger number of kinks in the final state in comparison to the case when the NNN interaction is ferromagnetic.
The effects of Gaussian disorder on the dynamics of the one-dimensional spin-1/2 random transverse Ising model are studied in the high-temperature limit by the recursion method. Both spin autocorrelation functions and the corresponding spectral densities are calculated for three types of disordered cases. It is found that when the standard deviation ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{J}$ of the exchange coupling (or the standard deviation ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{B}$ of the random transverse field) is small, the dynamics of the system undergoes two crossovers in sequence as the mean value of the exchange coupling (or the random transverse field) varies: from a central-peak behavior to a collective-mode one, and then to the precession of free spins in an external transverse magnetic field. However, when ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{J}$ or ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{B}$ are large enough, there is no crossover, i.e., the dynamics of the system shows a central-peak behavior and a disordered behavior, respectively.
We study the time dependent behavior of the four-spin interactions Ising chain in the presence of a disordered transverse magnetic field. In order to analyze the effects of field randomness in the dynamical behavior of the system we calculate the time-dependent correlation function and the longitudinal relaxation function of the infinite chain. We consider a bi-modal distribution for the field energy strength, where one of its values equals the exchange coupling energy while the other value can be lower or higher than the coupling energy. We find that an increasing concentration of weaker fields produces an enhancement of the central mode behavior. However, when the concentration of stronger fields increases, the system undergoes a crossover from central mode to collective-type dynamics.