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Acta Optica Sinica

Antibunching effect of resonance fluorescence in a two-atom system

Wei An

Published Jan 1, 1989• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

By using the recoupled wave functions in a two-atom system[1], the second order correlation functions of a two-atom system are solved in this paper. And the influences of the stimulated emission between atoms, the transverse and longitudinal relaxations, and the frequency detuning on the photon antibunohing are numerically discussed. If T1》T2, then the antibunohing will be reduced.

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By using the recoupled wave functions in a two-atom system[1], the second order correlation functions of a two-atom system are solved in this paper. And the influences of the stimulated emission between atoms, the transverse and longitudinal relaxations, and the frequency detuning on the photon antibunohing are numerically discussed. If T1》T2, then the antibunohing will be reduced.
The equal-time intensity correlation function and variances of the in-phase and out-of-phase components of the electric field radiated by a system of two interacting atoms in the process of resonance fluorescence are calculated analytically for arbitrary values of the field strength, interatomic interaction, and detuning and are illustrated graphically. It is shown that not only photon antibuching but also squeezing can occur in two-atom resonance fluorescence. The influence of dipole-dipole interaction between the atoms on both nonclassical effects is discussed. It is shown that a considerable amount of photon antibunching and squeezing can be obtained for finite detuning of the laser frequency from atomic resonance, especially when the detuning and dipole-dipole interaction parameters cancel out mutually. The maximum value of squeezing for interacting atoms is shown to be less, however, than that for noninteracting atoms. Very strong dipole-dipole interaction reduces the squeezing effect to zero.
The spectrum of resonance fluorescence and the second-order correlation function are calculated for a system of two identical two-level cooperative systems interacting via the dipole-dipole interaction. The results are valid for arbitrary incident-field strengths and for atomic separations much less than the resonant wavelength. The intensity of the sidebands at the Rabi frequency is diminished by the dipole interaction, whereas that of the sidebands at twice the Rabi frequency is enhanced. Both the cooperative behavior and the dipole-dipole interaction act to diminish the photon antibunching, as shown by the second-order correlation function.
By using the two photon Bloch equation and quantum regression theorem, the second order correlation function of two photon fluorescence of a two level atom in a broad band squeezed vacuum is obtained. From this, the bunching and the antibunching effects of two photon fluorescence are investigated. We find that the second order correlation function is dependent on the squeezing parameter (|M|) of the squeezed vacuum. There is a critical value (Γ/4g) for |M|,above which the second order correlation function oscillates around 1. This indicates that the two photon fluorescence can exhibit both antibunching and bunching effects. Below the critical value, the second order correlation function does not oscillate and the two photon fluorescence exhibits the antibunching effect only.
Although the resonance fluorescence spectrum of coherent light scattering from a two-level atom has been discussed in many papers, the effects of longitudinal, transverse relaxation and optical pumping have not yet been considered simultaneously in the motion equations. By solving the optical Bloch equations including the longitudinal relaxation time T 1 , transverse relaxation time T 2 and optical pumping parameter Δ 0 , in the case T 2 /T 1 <<1, we obtain the spectrum with dip in the central peak besides the familiar spectrum of three peaks. In addition, we find that the parameter Δ 0 and detuning Δω have influence on the symmetry, height and width of the spectrum of the three peaks.
We have investigated the coherence of resonance fluorescence for a coherently driven two two-level atoms coupled to a single-mode cavity in the bad cavity limit. By adjusting the detuning of the cavity-mode frequency from the driving filed frequency, we can enhance the fringe contrast factor as well as decrease the second order correlation function. The surprising effect produced by the detuning has an effect on the atomic dress-state population, which makes the fringe contrast factor and the second order correlation function changed evidently.