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Acta Physica Sinica

ANTIBUNCHING EFFECT OF TWO PHOTON FLUORESCENT LIGHT FOR A TWO LEVEL ATOM IN A SQUEEZED VACUUM

Feng Xun-Li, Lin-sheng He, Liu Yong-liang, (1)山东德州师范专科学校物理系; (2)中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所; (3)中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所;青岛海洋大学物理系

Published Jan 1, 1997• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

By using the two photon Bloch equation and quantum regression theorem, the second order correlation function of two photon fluorescence of a two level atom in a broad band squeezed vacuum is obtained. From this, the bunching and the antibunching effects of two photon fluorescence are investigated. We find that the second order correlation function is dependent on the squeezing parameter (|M|) of the squeezed vacuum. There is a critical value (Γ/4g) for |M|,above which the second order correlation function oscillates around 1. This indicates that the two photon fluorescence can exhibit both antibunching and bunching effects. Below the critical value, the second order correlation function does not oscillate and the two photon fluorescence exhibits the antibunching effect only.

DOI
10.7498/aps.46.1718

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By using the two photon Bloch equation and quantum regression theorem, the second order correlation function of two photon fluorescence of a two level atom in a broad band squeezed vacuum is obtained. From this, the bunching and the antibunching effects of two photon fluorescence are investigated. We find that the second order correlation function is dependent on the squeezing parameter (|M|) of the squeezed vacuum. There is a critical value (Γ/4g) for |M|,above which the second order correlation function oscillates around 1. This indicates that the two photon fluorescence can exhibit both antibunching and bunching effects. Below the critical value, the second order correlation function does not oscillate and the two photon fluorescence exhibits the antibunching effect only.
The photon statistics of the two-photon fluorescence of a two-level atom in a squeezed vacuum is investigated by using the second-order correlation function g (2) ( t ). Based on its analytical solution, g (2) ( t ) is found to be an oscillatory function of time when the average photon number of the squeezed vacuum light field is above a threshold. The origin of the oscillatory behavior of g (2) ( t ), which generally results from the external driving field for resonance fluorescence, is the driving effect of the squeezed vacuum light field on the atom. It is also found that the oscillatory behavior of g (2) ( t ) can provide a measurement of the ac Stark effect.
two-mode squeezed vacuum field interacting with a V-type three-level moving atom is investigated. We can get analytic expressions of second-order correlation function and two-mode correlation function. The influence of atomic motion, the field structure and intensity of photons on second-order correlation function and two-mode correlation function are obtained by numerical calculation. The results indicate that correlation function and photon bunching increase obviously when intensity of photons increase; photon bunching and antibunching don't change when atomic motion and the field structure increase, but the period of photon bunching and antibunching reduce greatly.
We consider effects of a broadband squeezed reservoir on the second-order intensity correlation, and on squeezing properties in the resonance fluorescence of a bichromatically driven two-level atom in a cavity of moderate Q. Phase-dependent squeezed reservoir effects change the photon statistics, and lead to an amplification of the degree of squeezing. Squeezed reservoir effects in the second-order correlation function ${g}^{(2)}(\ensuremath{\tau})$ are determined by two-photon emission processes which can be enhanced or suppressed in dependence on the squeezing phase.
Resonance fluorescence from a single two-level atom driven by a beam of squeezed light is studied in the weak-field limit. We consider the situation where the atom is coupled to the ordinary vacuum and only a few field modes corresponding to the driving field are squeezed. The field produced by the degenerate optical parametric oscillator is used as the driving field. Heisenberg equations of motion are solved in the steady-state and analytic expressions for the fluorescent-light intensity and the spectrum of fluorescent light are derived. We also consider photon statistics of fluorescent light. In particular, squeezing, antibunching, and sub-Poissonian statistics of fluorescent photons are discussed, and analytic expressions for the quadrature variance and the two-time intensity correlation function are presented. Contrary to the case of coherent excitation, the second-order intensity correlation function does not factorize. This and other differences are discussed, and curves are presented to illustrate the behavior of various quantities. We also present results for thermal excitation of the atom.
Resonance fluorescence from a single two-level atom driven by a beam of squeezed light is studied in the weak field limit. We consider the situation where the atom is coupled to the ordinary vacuum and only a few field modes corresponding to the driving field are squeezed. The field produced by the degenerate optical parametric oscillator is used as the driving field. This driving field can be described in terms of two real independent Gaussian processes. Heisenberg equations of motion are solved in the steady-state, and analytic expressions for the fluorescent light intensity and the spectrum of fluorescent light are derived. We also consider photon statistics of fluorescent light. In particular, squeezing, antibunching, and sub-Poissonian statistics of fluorescent photons are discussed and analytic expressions for the quadrature variance and the two-time intensity correlation function are presented. Contrary to the case of coherent excitation the second-order intensity correlation function does not factorize.
In this paper the master equation is derived for the atomic reduced density operator, by means of projection operator technique, starting from the Liouville equation. The nondegenerate two-photon fluorescence spectrum for an atom with two-levels in a squeezed vacuum with broad band has been studied by means of the above equation. We find that there is a new type of oscillation phenomenon, in which there are both super and lower thresholds. Between the two thresholds the atom will exhibit oscillation and the two-photon fluorescence spectrum exhibits single peak. Outside the region between the two thresholds the oscillation will not happen and the two-photon fluorescence spectrum possesses novel negative peak or peaks. The shapes of the spectra depend strongly on the natural two-photon linewidth. However, the spectra are not phase-sensitive, which is unexpected.