Electromagnetically induced transparency is a novel technique that can modify both the response of matter to light and the properties of the applied optical fields themselves. We give a brief review of electromagnetically induced transparency observed in several kinds of solids and compare the optical properties of these materials. Important potential applications are also discussed.
Electromagnetically induced transparency is a novel technique that can modify both the response of matter to light and the properties of the applied optical fields themselves. We give a brief review of electromagnetically induced transparency observed in several kinds of solids and compare the optical properties of these materials. Important potential applications are also discussed.
Coherent preparation by laser light of quantum states of atoms and molecules can lead to quantum interference in the amplitudes of optical transitions. In this way the optical properties of a medium can be dramatically modified, leading to electromagnetically induced transparency and related effects, which have placed gas-phase systems at the center of recent advances in the development of media with radically new optical properties. This article reviews these advances and the new possibilities they offer for nonlinear optics and quantum information science. As a basis for the theory of electromagnetically induced transparency the authors consider the atomic dynamics and the optical response of the medium to a continuous-wave laser. They then discuss pulse propagation and the adiabatic evolution of field-coupled states and show how coherently prepared media can be used to improve frequency conversion in nonlinear optical mixing experiments. The extension of these concepts to very weak optical fields in the few-photon limit is then examined. The review concludes with a discussion of future prospects and potential new applications.
Induced transparency, an interference effect due to mode coupling, has attracted significant research interest. The first discovered and most striking type of induced transparency plays electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic systems. Optical cavities serve as a more ideal and feasible platform for realizing the effects of induced transparency, which leads to considerable demonstrations in theory and experiments. This review provides a run‐through of research findings on different types of induced transparency phenomenon, including, inter alia, EIT, optomechanically induced transparency, plasmon‐induced transparency, Brillouin scattering induced transparency, optically induced transparency, photothermally induced transparency, and dipole‐induced transparency. Their mechanisms, developments, techniques, and applications are discussed in detail. Most importantly, the emerging area of induced transparency at exceptional points is analyzed for its great promise. The last section presents a brief summary and perspective of induced transparency with optical cavities.
Metamaterial (MM) is artificial material in which an unit cell, having a size much smaller than the wavelength of external electromagnetic (EM) wave, is periodically arranged. This MM offers a new tool that can significantly improve the effectiveness of absorber and the sensitivity of sensor through its powerful localization and field enhancement. This review presents recent the potential applications of electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) and absorption (EIA) phenomena in MM-based absorber and MM-based sensors, and summarizes the sensitivity differences from the existing sensors. These phenomena provide a high-performance platform for a variety of sensors with easy adjustment of the EM response, and can produce effective narrow- or multi-band absorption.
We study, theoretically and experimentally, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in two different solid-state systems. Unlike many implementations in homogeneously broadened media, these systems exhibit inhomogeneous broadening of their optical and spin transitions typical of solid-state materials. We observe EIT lineshapes typical of atomic gases, including a crossover into the regime of Autler-Townes splitting, but with the substitution of the inhomogeneous widths for the homogeneous values. We obtain quantitative agreement between experiment and theory for the width of the transparency feature over a range of optical powers and inhomogeneous linewidths. We discuss regimes over which analytical and numerical treatments capture the behavior. As solid-state systems become increasingly important for scalable and integratable quantum optical and photonic devices, it is vital to understand the effects of the inhomogeneous broadening that is ubiquitous in these systems. The treatment presented here can be applied to a variety of systems, as exemplified by the common scaling of experimental results from two different systems.
Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a quantum interference effect arising from different transition pathways of optical fields. Within the transparency window, both absorption and dispersion properties strongly change, which results in extensive applications such as slow light and optical storage. Due to the ultrahigh quality factors, massive production on a chip and convenient all‐optical control, optical microcavities provide an ideal platform for realizing EIT. Here we review the principle and recent development of EIT in optical microcavities. We focus on the following three situations. First, for a coupled‐cavity system, all‐optical EIT appears when the optical modes in different cavities couple to each other. Second, in a single microcavity, all‐optical EIT is created when interference happens between two optical modes. Moreover, the mechanical oscillation of the microcavity leads to optomechanically induced transparency. Then the applications of EIT effect in microcavity systems are discussed, including light delay and storage, sensing, and field enhancement. A summary is then given in the final part of the paper.
Summary form only given. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a process by which a normally absorbing material is made transparent by application of electromagnetic radiation. It has a number of applications, including lasing without inversion and slow light. We see that the EIT resonances corresponding to the hyperfine levels are either inhibited, or enhanced depending on the position of the hyperfine transitions in relation to the applied rf field. We discuss the role of level splitting (destruction of EIT) and three photon resonance peaks in the resulting spectra. A 2 cm rubidium cell, heated to approximated 60 C is probed with a 780 nm laser.