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Journal of Shaanxi Normal University

Influence of the coupling between splitted levels on ionization in two-photon resonant three-photon ionization

Yongfang Li

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The phenomenon of ionization interference is studied with partial-wave expansion method through the particle population of the ionized state.Considering the interaction between splitted levels in the fine structure,the result of numerical simulation of the population in the state of ionization is given by n π pulses(n is integer or half-integer),and using proper approximate treatment,the analytic expressions of the particle population affected by the coherence in the ionized state is obtained.The results show that in the process of two-channel ionization,there is not only coherence between two waves,but also the modulation of coupling toward ionization.

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The phenomenon of ionization interference is studied with partial-wave expansion method through the particle population of the ionized state.Considering the interaction between splitted levels in the fine structure,the result of numerical simulation of the population in the state of ionization is given by n π pulses(n is integer or half-integer),and using proper approximate treatment,the analytic expressions of the particle population affected by the coherence in the ionized state is obtained.The results show that in the process of two-channel ionization,there is not only coherence between two waves,but also the modulation of coupling toward ionization.
The properties of the photoelectron spectra in two resonant multi-photon ionization process are studied by means of dressed state theory and perturbation theory.The influences on the photoelectron spectra by the area of the first pulse and the delay between two pulses are discussed under strong-field scheme.It is shown that the photoelectron spectra can be modulated by the areas of the two pulses and the delay between them.Control of Autler-Townes doublet and the interferences in doublet can be realized by the area of the first pulse and the delay between the two pulses.The selective population of dressed states(SPODS)also can be realized by this coherent quantum mechanism.The population of dressed states cannot be selected by the area of the second pulse,but obviously it can be modulated.
The author presents a theory for NNN-photon ionization in which two intermediate states can be in resonance with the ground state over a narrow range of photon frequencies. The theory is applied to the three-photon 6F6F6F resonance-state spin-orbit doublet in the four-photon ionization of Cs. The amplitude for the process is the sum of two components, each containing a complex line-shape function. In the limit of zero splitting, the previously studied isolated resonance result, in which the line shape is Lorentzian is recovered. For the splitting in Cs (6F6F6F), the absorption profile is studied as a function of the splitting parameters of the state, the $6S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6F$ three-photon Rabi rate, and the field-induced shift and width for the $6S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6F$ transition. This profile depends in a complicated way on the relative magnitudes of the shift and the spacing between the fine-structure levels.
A treatment is given of two-photon ionization in which particular attention is paid to the influence of the bandwidth of the ionizing light on the ionization rate. The model adopted for the atom is a common one, including two bound levels and a continuum. The model of the laser is general enough to allow short-term temporal fluctuations of amplitude or phase, and these fluctuations give rise to the laser bandwidth. It is found that the fluctuations have the most interesting effects on the ionization rate when the laser coherence time is shorter than the atomic memory time, as could be expected. In addition to laser bandwidth, we consider the influence on the ionization rate of the detuning of the laser from the intermediate-state resonance, the laser power, and the finite lifetime of the intermediate state. Comparisons with related earlier calculations are made and similarities and differences are pointed out.
The rate-equation and the Laplace transformation were used to study the three photons resonant ionization process of three-level system,and the analytical formulas of the resonant state populations and the ionization probabilities were obtained.By using this formulas to study the(1+1′+1′)resonant ionization process of Cs atom which are excited to the 6p(P_(3/2))、7d(D_(3/2)) resonant state from the ground state 6s(S_(1/2)) by the first two photons following the ionization by the third photon,the influence of the laser intensity and pulse width on the resonant state populations and ionization efficiency were investigated.The conditions of the laser intensity to evacuate the two resonant states population were also presented respectively.
Within the framework of a three-level model, the process of three-photon ionization with one-photon resonance between two excited levels (with the lower one being initially unpopulated) is considered using the density matrix method. It is shown that such resonance can result in the appearance of a maximum in the three-photon ionization spectrum when detuning between the resonance wavenumber and the wavenumber of the transition responsible for the lower excited level being populated exceeds the laser radiation linewidth by more than three orders of magnitude.
The effect of interference stabilization is shown to exist in a system of two atomic levels coupled by a strong two-color laser field, the two frequencies of which are close to a two-photon Raman-type resonance between the chosen levels, with open channels of one-photon ionization from both of them. We suggest an experiment, in which a rather significant (up to 9090%90) suppression of ionization can take place and which demonstrates explicitly the interference origin of stabilization. Specific calculations are made for H and He atoms and optimal parameters of a two-color field are found. The physics of the effect and its relation with such well-known phenomena as light induced continuum structure and population trapping in a three-level system are discussed.