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Journal of Time and Frequency

Theory of electromagnetically induced transparency in Sr atomic system

Shougang Zhang

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We investigated theoretically the EIT(electromagnetically induced transparency) effect and the accompanying Kerr nonlinear effect in Sr atomic system.The result shows that using the optical molasses as EIT medium we can get a very narrow EIT window and a strong Kerr nonlinear effect by using a weak probe beam.This result builds a theoretical basis for narrowing the line width of 689 nm laser and probing the frequency signal of 88Sr bosonic optics clock by using the EIT effect.

Related papers

The Research of Electromagnetically induced transparency and giant Kerr nonlinearity in a four-level Y-type atomic system

Yanpeng Zhang

A theoretical investigation is carried out into the effect of applied coherent fields on electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) and Kerr nonlinearity in the four-level Y-type energy atom system.It is found that the Absorption curve of the atom system changes from one EIT window to a gain interval which has two transparency points when the intensity of coupling field and pumping field changes from equality to inequality.The position of transparency points,the magnitude of gain value together with the width of gain interval are all closely connected with the changed Rabi frequency of applied fields.It is also found that Kerr nonlinearity is enhanced but accompanied by linear Absorption when applied fields are all weak and their relative intensity reduces.When the intensity of applied fields is enlarged,Kerr nonlinearity is enhanced significantly and its peak moves to the position of transparency point with the enlargement of their relative intensity.That is to say,giant Kerr nonlinearity accompanied by vanishing linear Absorption is obtained.Finally,we find that the effect of the intensity variation of the pumping field on the enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity is more remarkable than that of the coupling field.

Acta Sinica Quantum Optica•Jan 1, 2008•0 citations

Dynamics of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Optical Kerr nonlinearities

Michael Vern Pack

This thesis presents theoretical derivations and experimental demonstrations of Kerr optical nonlinearities and their dynamics. The Kerr nonlinearity studied is based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), and is known for having an unusually large cross-phase modulation (XPM) [1]. Also, quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements of photon number using the EIT Kerr nonlinearity are discussed. We first discuss the EIT line shapes in hot atomic vapors both with and without buffer gasses, and for the specific case of EIT line shapes on the D1 line of rubidium. Using a Bloch-vector formalism to describe EIT, we derive new expressions describing the dynamical evolution of the EIT Kerr nonlinearity and the rise-time of the EIT Kerr effect. The theory of the EIT Kerr dynamics is confirmed by experiments using hot rubidium vapor in a buffer gas. These experimental observations confirm that the rise-time of the EIT Kerr effect is linearly proportional to the optical thickness of the EIT medium and inversely proportional to the width of the EIT transparency resonance.

•Dec 1, 2007•0 citations

Two electromagnetically induced transparency windows and an enhanced electromagnetically induced transparency signal in a four-level tripod atomic system

Shujing Li, Xudong Yang, Xuemin Cao +2 more

We present the experimental observations and theoretical calculations of two electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows and an enhanced EIT signal in a four-level tripod system of D1 line of 87 Rb atoms. The two EIT dips produced by a strong coupling beam and a weak trigger beam were observed in the absorption spectrum of probe field, when the frequency detuning of the trigger beam was different from that of the coupling beam. When the frequency detuning of the trigger beam was near or equal to that of the coupling beam, the total depth of the EIT dip created by the coupling beam clearly became larger. The experimental measurements were in agreement with theoretical calculations.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Aug 3, 2007•49 citations

Enhancement of self-Kerr nonlinearity via electromagnetically induced transparency in a five-level cascade system: an analytical approach

Dinh Xuan Khoa, Le Van Doai, Doan Hoai Son +1 more

We propose to use a five-level cascade system to enhance self-Kerr nonlinearity under an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) condition. Using density-matrix theory, an expression of the self-Kerr nonlinear coefficient for a weak probe light is derived. Variations of the self-Kerr coefficient with respect to the frequency and intensity of a strong coupling light are investigated. The Kerr nonlinearity is basically modified and enhanced greatly in the spectral regions corresponding to EIT transparent windows. Furthermore, the sign, slope, and magnitude of the self-Kerr coefficient can be controlled with the frequency and intensity of the coupling light. Such a controllable Kerr nonlinearity can find interesting applications in optoelectronic devices working with low light intensity at multiple frequencies.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•May 16, 2014•68 citations

The effect of giant Kerr nonlinearity on group velocity in a six-level inverted-Y atomic system

Le Van Doai

Abstract We propose an analytical model to study the effect of giant Kerr nonlinearity on group velocity of probe light in a six-level inverted-Y atomic system under electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In this scheme, a nonlinearity of the medium is enhanced greatly around in three spectral regions corresponding to transparent windows. As a consequence, such a giant Kerr nonlinearity of the medium changes significantly group index for probe light which can obstruct light slowdown. Moreover, this model shows also that the probe propagation can switch between subluminal and superluminal modes in three EIT windows by adjusting the parameters of the signal and coupling fields. Such analytical model is not only convenient for considering the influence of laser parameters on group velocity but is also easy used to fit the experimental results.

Physica Scripta•Oct 30, 2019•7 citations

Electromagnetically induced focusing in a Λ-type medium

Gong Shang-Qing, Zhizhan Xu, Pan Shao-hua

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an inhomogenously broadened medium consisting of Λ-type three-level atoms has been analyzed. It is shown that the Λ system can induce a transparency of the medium when the probe laser and the coupling laser have the same frequency detunings (including zero). Across the EIT window, the radial variation of the strong coupling laser radiation may lead to electromagnetically induced focusing or defocusing of the weak probe laser at separate probe frequency detuning points.

Acta Physica Sinica (Overseas Edition)•Jan 1, 1997•2 citations
We investigated theoretically the EIT(electromagnetically induced transparency) effect and the accompanying Kerr nonlinear effect in Sr atomic system.The result shows that using the optical molasses as EIT medium we can get a very narrow EIT window and a strong Kerr nonlinear effect by using a weak probe beam.This result builds a theoretical basis for narrowing the line width of 689 nm laser and probing the frequency signal of 88Sr bosonic optics clock by using the EIT effect.
A theoretical investigation is carried out into the effect of applied coherent fields on electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) and Kerr nonlinearity in the four-level Y-type energy atom system.It is found that the Absorption curve of the atom system changes from one EIT window to a gain interval which has two transparency points when the intensity of coupling field and pumping field changes from equality to inequality.The position of transparency points,the magnitude of gain value together with the width of gain interval are all closely connected with the changed Rabi frequency of applied fields.It is also found that Kerr nonlinearity is enhanced but accompanied by linear Absorption when applied fields are all weak and their relative intensity reduces.When the intensity of applied fields is enlarged,Kerr nonlinearity is enhanced significantly and its peak moves to the position of transparency point with the enlargement of their relative intensity.That is to say,giant Kerr nonlinearity accompanied by vanishing linear Absorption is obtained.Finally,we find that the effect of the intensity variation of the pumping field on the enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity is more remarkable than that of the coupling field.
This thesis presents theoretical derivations and experimental demonstrations of Kerr optical nonlinearities and their dynamics. The Kerr nonlinearity studied is based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), and is known for having an unusually large cross-phase modulation (XPM) [1]. Also, quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements of photon number using the EIT Kerr nonlinearity are discussed. We first discuss the EIT line shapes in hot atomic vapors both with and without buffer gasses, and for the specific case of EIT line shapes on the D1 line of rubidium. Using a Bloch-vector formalism to describe EIT, we derive new expressions describing the dynamical evolution of the EIT Kerr nonlinearity and the rise-time of the EIT Kerr effect. The theory of the EIT Kerr dynamics is confirmed by experiments using hot rubidium vapor in a buffer gas. These experimental observations confirm that the rise-time of the EIT Kerr effect is linearly proportional to the optical thickness of the EIT medium and inversely proportional to the width of the EIT transparency resonance.
We present the experimental observations and theoretical calculations of two electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows and an enhanced EIT signal in a four-level tripod system of D1 line of 87 Rb atoms. The two EIT dips produced by a strong coupling beam and a weak trigger beam were observed in the absorption spectrum of probe field, when the frequency detuning of the trigger beam was different from that of the coupling beam. When the frequency detuning of the trigger beam was near or equal to that of the coupling beam, the total depth of the EIT dip created by the coupling beam clearly became larger. The experimental measurements were in agreement with theoretical calculations.
We propose to use a five-level cascade system to enhance self-Kerr nonlinearity under an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) condition. Using density-matrix theory, an expression of the self-Kerr nonlinear coefficient for a weak probe light is derived. Variations of the self-Kerr coefficient with respect to the frequency and intensity of a strong coupling light are investigated. The Kerr nonlinearity is basically modified and enhanced greatly in the spectral regions corresponding to EIT transparent windows. Furthermore, the sign, slope, and magnitude of the self-Kerr coefficient can be controlled with the frequency and intensity of the coupling light. Such a controllable Kerr nonlinearity can find interesting applications in optoelectronic devices working with low light intensity at multiple frequencies.
Abstract We propose an analytical model to study the effect of giant Kerr nonlinearity on group velocity of probe light in a six-level inverted-Y atomic system under electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In this scheme, a nonlinearity of the medium is enhanced greatly around in three spectral regions corresponding to transparent windows. As a consequence, such a giant Kerr nonlinearity of the medium changes significantly group index for probe light which can obstruct light slowdown. Moreover, this model shows also that the probe propagation can switch between subluminal and superluminal modes in three EIT windows by adjusting the parameters of the signal and coupling fields. Such analytical model is not only convenient for considering the influence of laser parameters on group velocity but is also easy used to fit the experimental results.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an inhomogenously broadened medium consisting of Λ-type three-level atoms has been analyzed. It is shown that the Λ system can induce a transparency of the medium when the probe laser and the coupling laser have the same frequency detunings (including zero). Across the EIT window, the radial variation of the strong coupling laser radiation may lead to electromagnetically induced focusing or defocusing of the weak probe laser at separate probe frequency detuning points.