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NEW MEANS OF CYBERNETICS, INFORMATICS, COMPUTER ENGINEERING, AND SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

I. D. Voitovych, Oleh Pastukh

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We considered the phase of the quantum bit wave function as a resource for storage and transmission of classical information. We qualitatively evaluated the effectiveness of this resource. We considered use of this resource for the transmission of classical information through a quantum channel of communication with the help of technology of quantum teleportation.

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We considered the phase of the quantum bit wave function as a resource for storage and transmission of classical information. We qualitatively evaluated the effectiveness of this resource. We considered use of this resource for the transmission of classical information through a quantum channel of communication with the help of technology of quantum teleportation.
Quantum Teleportation is the key communication functionality of the Quantum Internet, allowing the “transmission” of qubits without the physical transfer of the particle storing the qubit. Quantum teleportation is facilitated by the action of quantum entanglement, a somewhat counter-intuitive physical phenomenon with no direct counterpart in the classical word. As a consequence, the very concept of the classical communication system model has to be redesigned to account for the peculiarities of quantum teleportation. This re-design is a crucial prerequisite for constructing any effective quantum communication protocol. The aim of this manuscript is to shed light on this key concept, with the objective of allowing the reader: i) to appreciate the fundamental differences between the transmission of classical information versus the teleportation of quantum information; ii) to understand the communications functionalities underlying quantum teleportation, and to grasp the challenges in the design and practical employment of these functionalities; iii) to acknowledge that quantum information is subject to the deleterious effects of a noise process termed as quantum decoherence. This imperfection has no direct counterpart in the classical world; iv) to recognize how to contribute to the design and employment of the Quantum Internet.
This book provides a comprehensive and organized study of quantum technology, focusing on principles, mathematical foundations, and practical realizations of quantum teleportation and other processes in the field of quantum information. It starts with the basic principles of quantum mechanics (wave-particle duality, for instance) superposition and measurement theory all helping as the theoretical backbone of current quantum science. In addition to these basics, we provide a concise introduction and discussion of quantum energy or the quantization of energy levels, energy eigenstates and Planck’s constant, which determines what happens in microscopic systems allowing quantum theory an overlap with data from physical observables. Building on these principles, the book introduces quantum states and quantum entanglement, highlighting their non-classical correlations and their crucial role in facilitating quantum communication protocols. This book also discusses quantum gates and quantum circuits as the units of quantum computation and how quantum information is computed and manipulated by using controlled unitary operations. Also, it discusses the impact of both quantum decoherence and environmental noise which pose significant difficulties to coherent quantum systems and dependable information transmission. It discusses methods of error correction and coherence . This book further expanded to quantum cryptography and secure communications with more importance on protocols like quantum key distribution which make use of quantum principles to provide provable security. Quantum computing architectures and algorithms are also measured and various physical implementations and computational models that strive to produce scalable quantum processors are outlined. Problems and limitations of quantum teleportation are critically examined and these are, reliability issues, channel losses, scaling, and resource limitations. Lastly, the book ends by outlining the future of quantum technology, investigating the new technologies and opportunities, the possible advances, and the revolutionary use of quantum technologies in the fields of computation, communication and secure information processing.
Currently, quantum key generation systems are considered as the basis of quantum telecommunications using quantum cryptography. At the same time, concepts are substituted: such a system simply generates the same binary code on two sides of the quantum channel and does not allow data to be transmitted as in the communication channel. In the future, such a key is used by a classical cryptographic system in a conventional communication channel. The low rate of generation of a quantum key requires its accumulation, which deprives this key of authentication – as soon as once it is presented as a file, it can be replaced. Nevertheless, the steady increase in the generation rate makes it possible to use a quantum key for direct secure transmission of information in a quantum channel «bit to bit» with any quantum protocol and physical implementation. The method of such transfer is discussed in this article.
Shared entanglement is a resource available to parties communicating over a quantum channel, much akin to public coins in classical communication protocols. Whereas shared randomness does not help in the transmission of information, or significantly reduce the classical complexity of computing functions (as compared to private-coin protocols), shared entanglement leads to startling phenomena such as "quantum teleportation" and "superdense coding."The problem of characterising the power of prior entanglement has puzzled many researchers. In this paper, we revisit the problem of transmitting classical bits over an entanglement-assisted quantum channel. We derive a new, optimal bound on the number of quantum bits required for this task, for any given probability of error. All known lower bounds in the setting of bounded error entanglement-assisted communication are based on sophisticated information theoretic arguments. In contrast, our result is derived from first principles, using a simple linear algebraic technique.
Shared entanglement is a resource available to parties communicating over a quantum channel, much akin to public coins in classical communication protocols. Whereas shared randomness does not help in the transmission of information, or significantly reduce the classical complexity of computing functions (as compared to private-coin protocols), shared entanglement leads to startling phenomena such as ``quantum teleportation'' and ``superdense coding.'' The problem of characterising the power of prior entanglement has puzzled many researchers. In this paper, we revisit the problem of transmitting classical bits over an entanglement-assisted quantum channel. We derive a new, optimal bound on the number of quantum bits required for this task, for any given probability of error. All known lower bounds in the setting of bounded error entanglement-assisted communication are based on sophisticated information theoretic arguments. In contrast, our result is derived from first principles, using a simple linear algebraic technique.