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Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

Quantum secret sharing of single-qubit state via tripartite entangled states

Qun-Yong Zhang

Published Jul 28, 2012• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

Two schemes for quantum secret sharing of single-qubit state were proposed.A symmetric threequbit entangled state and an asymmetric three-qubit entangled state were used as quantum channel,respectively. The sender performs Bell-basis measurements on her particles,and the cooperator operates single-particle measurements on his particles,then the state receiver can reconstruct the original state by applying the appropriate unitary operation.The schemes can also be generalized to the case of arbitrary two-qubit and multi-particle entangled state.The security against certain eavesdropping attacks is also considered.These protocols are considered to be secure.

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Two schemes for quantum secret sharing of single-qubit state were proposed.A symmetric threequbit entangled state and an asymmetric three-qubit entangled state were used as quantum channel,respectively. The sender performs Bell-basis measurements on her particles,and the cooperator operates single-particle measurements on his particles,then the state receiver can reconstruct the original state by applying the appropriate unitary operation.The schemes can also be generalized to the case of arbitrary two-qubit and multi-particle entangled state.The security against certain eavesdropping attacks is also considered.These protocols are considered to be secure.
Focused on the issue that the quantum secret sharing is limited to the maximally entangled state,a scheme for quantum state sharing of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit state by using entangled state as quantum channel was proposed. The sender Alice used the Bell basis measurement and then the receiver Bob or Charlie used the single particle measurement. The participants chose the right joint unitary operation according to the results from Alice and the signal measurement,which could realize arbitrary N-qubit secret sharing. The eavesdropping analysis shows explicitly that the scheme is secure and it can resist the external eavesdropper and internal dishonest participant.
A scheme for quantum state sharing of an arbitrary single qubit state by using a genuinely entangled six-qubit state as a quantum channel is proposed.Firstly,the sender performs the Bell-state measurement and single qubit measurements on her qubits,respectively.Then any one of the two legitimate agents make a single qubit measurement on his qubit,and the other one(receiver) can reconstruct the original arbitrary single qubit state by performing appropriate unitary operation on his particle.The successful probability of this scheme is 100%.
To improve the efficiency of quantum secret sharing, a protocol share the message directly among the users was proposed. The scheme made full use of entanglement swapping of Bell states and local operations. For detection of eavesdropping, the EPR pairs were divided into two parts: the checking parts and the encoding parts. After insuring the security of the quantum channel by measuring the checking particles in conjugate bases, the sender encoded her bits via the local unitary operations on the encoding parts. Investigation shows that the protocol is secure and two Bell states can be used to share two bits message.
We propose two schemes for splitting single- and two-qubit states by using four-particle genuine entangled state as the quantum channel. After the sender performs Bell-basis (or three-partite GHZ- basis) measurements on her particles, and the cooperators operate single-particle measurements on their particles, the state receiver can reconstruct the original state of the sender by applying the appropriate unitary operation. In particular, in the scheme for splitting two-qubit state, the receiver needs to introduce an auxiliary particle and carries out a C-NOT operation.
An unknown quantum state secret sharing scheme using three-particle entangled state is proposed,in this scheme,the sender and agency share three-particle entangled state as quantum channels,the sender makes the unknown quantum state entangled with three-particle entangled state,and performs Bell measurement on the unknown quantum state and her own particle,then two agencies carry out von Neumann measurement and appropriate unitary operation on system respectively,after cooperation one of the agencies can obtain the secret message.the scheme provides a idea for the quantum state secret sharing,its security is based on the quantum non-cloning principle and it has the characteristics of resistance to eavesdropping and is easy to realize.