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Acta Physica Sinica

Quantum secret sharing of an arbitrary two-particle entangled state via non-maximally entangled channels

Liu Yu-Ling, Man Zhong-Xiao, Yun‐Jie Xia, 曲阜师范大学物理工程学院,曲阜 273165

Published Jan 1, 2008• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, a quantum secret sharing scheme is proposed for an arbitrary two-particle entangled state among N agents. The scheme adopts the non-maximally entangled Bell states as quantum channels and the generalized Bell states as the measurement basis. By introducing an auxiliary particle and making selective measurement on it, the receiver can obtain the original quantum state with a probability less than unity.

DOI
10.7498/aps.57.2680

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In this paper, a quantum secret sharing scheme is proposed for an arbitrary two-particle entangled state among N agents. The scheme adopts the non-maximally entangled Bell states as quantum channels and the generalized Bell states as the measurement basis. By introducing an auxiliary particle and making selective measurement on it, the receiver can obtain the original quantum state with a probability less than unity.
We propose a new multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol via introducing auxiliary particles using a non-maximally entangled (pure) two-particle state without a Bell measurement. The communication parties utilize decoy particles to check eavesdropping. After ensuring the security of the quantum channel, the sender encodes the secret message and transmits it to the receiver by using controlled-NOT operation and von Neumann measurement. If and only if all the agents agree to collaborate, they can read out the secret message.
Focused on the issue that the quantum secret sharing is limited to the maximally entangled state,a scheme for quantum state sharing of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit state by using entangled state as quantum channel was proposed. The sender Alice used the Bell basis measurement and then the receiver Bob or Charlie used the single particle measurement. The participants chose the right joint unitary operation according to the results from Alice and the signal measurement,which could realize arbitrary N-qubit secret sharing. The eavesdropping analysis shows explicitly that the scheme is secure and it can resist the external eavesdropper and internal dishonest participant.
Two schemes for quantum secret sharing of single-qubit state were proposed.A symmetric threequbit entangled state and an asymmetric three-qubit entangled state were used as quantum channel,respectively. The sender performs Bell-basis measurements on her particles,and the cooperator operates single-particle measurements on his particles,then the state receiver can reconstruct the original state by applying the appropriate unitary operation.The schemes can also be generalized to the case of arbitrary two-qubit and multi-particle entangled state.The security against certain eavesdropping attacks is also considered.These protocols are considered to be secure.
A scheme for quantum state sharing of an arbitrary single qubit state by using a genuinely entangled six-qubit state as a quantum channel is proposed.Firstly,the sender performs the Bell-state measurement and single qubit measurements on her qubits,respectively.Then any one of the two legitimate agents make a single qubit measurement on his qubit,and the other one(receiver) can reconstruct the original arbitrary single qubit state by performing appropriate unitary operation on his particle.The successful probability of this scheme is 100%.
We present a new scheme for investigating the usefulness of non-maximally entangled states for multi-party quantum state sharing in a simple and elegant manner. In our scheme, the sender, Alice shares n various probabilistic channels composed of non-maximally entangled states with n agents in a network. Our protocol involves only Bell-basis measurements, single qubit measurements, and a two-qubit unitary transformation operated by free optional agents. Our scheme is a more convenient realization because no other multipartite joint measurements are needed. Furthermore, in our scheme various probabilistic channels lessen the requirement for quantum channels, which makes it more practical for physical implementation.
We present a general scheme for multiparty-controlled teleportation of an arbitrary m -qudit ( d -dimensional quantum system) state by using non-maximally entangled states as the quantum channel. The sender performs m generalized Bell-state measurements on her 2 m particles, the controllers take some single-particle measurements with the measuring basis X d and the receiver only needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if he cooperates with all the controllers. All the parties can use some decoy photons to set up their quantum channel securely, which will forbid a dishonest party to eavesdrop freely. This scheme is optimal as the probability that the receiver obtains the originally unknown m -qudit state equals the entanglement of the quantum channel.