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Acta Sinica Quantum Optica

Effect of Light Polarization on Hanbury Brown-Twiss Experiment

Dongshi Guan, Jun Xiong, Su-Heng Zhang, Hongchao Liu, Li Lü

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
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Abstract

This article studies,both theoretically and experimentally,how the degree of polarization and the polarization state of polarized light affect the normalized second order correlation g(2) in Hanbury Brown-Twiss experiment.In the experiment,the plane polarized light is changed into elliptically polarized light by passing it through a 1/4 wave plate.By rotating the wave plate,the polarization state of light can be changed.Two beams of light with mutually perpendicular vibration direction,same propagation direction and random phase difference are compounded into a partly polarized light.By adjusting the intensity of one beam of the light,the degree of polarization can be changed.It is shown that for polarized light,the state of polarization causes no change in g(2).On the other hand,for light with different degrees of polarization(P),g(2) is a quadratic function of P.For natural light,P=0,and the maximum g(2) in theory is 1.5;for polarized light,P=1,and the maximum g(2) in theory is 2.

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•May 21, 2010•0 citations
This article studies,both theoretically and experimentally,how the degree of polarization and the polarization state of polarized light affect the normalized second order correlation g(2) in Hanbury Brown-Twiss experiment.In the experiment,the plane polarized light is changed into elliptically polarized light by passing it through a 1/4 wave plate.By rotating the wave plate,the polarization state of light can be changed.Two beams of light with mutually perpendicular vibration direction,same propagation direction and random phase difference are compounded into a partly polarized light.By adjusting the intensity of one beam of the light,the degree of polarization can be changed.It is shown that for polarized light,the state of polarization causes no change in g(2).On the other hand,for light with different degrees of polarization(P),g(2) is a quadratic function of P.For natural light,P=0,and the maximum g(2) in theory is 1.5;for polarized light,P=1,and the maximum g(2) in theory is 2.
By treating light fluctuations as a random process (stationary and Gaussian to second order), an expression is derived for the correlation in the output fluctuations of two square-law detectors which are illuminated by a plane light wave of any state of coherence and polarization. The expression takes a particularly simple form when, as is usually the case, the light is spectrally pure in the sense of a definition introduced elsewhere. The solution yields, as a special case, the basic formula relating to the Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect. The generalization discussed here is of particular interest for correlation experiments performed with light beams from optical maser sources. Moreover, the present analysis appears to be simpler than other treatments previously given in connection with more restricted cases.
From quantum point of view, Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect is a result of constructive-destructive two-photon interference. There should be no Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect if there was no two-photon interference. In this paper, we observed Hanbury Brown- Twiss effect in a specially designed experiment, in which two-photon interference is impossible by keeping only one two-photon probability amplitude in the experimental scheme. However, our experimental results can still be interpreted by Glauber's quantum optical coherence theory. The researches in our paper are helpful to understand the physics of the second-order coherence of light, especially the physics of Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect.
In this thesis we investigate, experimentally and theoretically, many classical and quantum coherence effects of the light. Initially we investigate the interference patterns formation by nonlocal double slit using classical light sources and comparing the results with those using a twin photos light source generated by Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC). We demonstrate that the classical correlation in wave vectors, in beam splitter outs, is a sufficient condition to the interference pattern to exist. In this work we also investigate experimentally the influence of polarized nonlocal double slit and local double slit. Here is present a alternative Fano based interpretation to explain the reason why the polarization of correlated beam has not influence on pattern fringes. We presented also an investigation about the light source parameters influence on the ghost interference interference. We demonstrate experimentally the relationship between, the coherence and source size, and fringes visibility. We extended the concept of complementarity related to coherence and correlation using the changes of the reference beam coherence and observing it’s influence on the interference patterns of the local double slit. In near-field limit, we investigate the existence of conditionality in the wave vector limited by the aperture of objects placed on the classically correlated beams paths. We demonstrate that is possible to find conditionality between the light emitted through the slits apertures. All these experiments performed using the Brown Twiss intensity interferometer (HBT) served to investigate the difference between the transversal effects with quantum and classical incoherent light. Finally, we demonstrate the first experimental measurement demonstrating the polarization changes on the partially coherent light propagation induced by the coherence source changes. This phenomenom was investigated for the free space propagation and for a nonlinear medium modeled by a Kerr medium.