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Acta Sinica Quantum Optica

Quantum Information Splitting of a Single-Qubit State via Genuine Four-Qubit Entangled States

Hong Wei-ning

Published Jan 1, 2013• 2 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We present a quantum information splitting(QIS) protocol by using four-particle entangled states in which quantum Alice shares a secret key with three classical parties,Bob,Charlie and David.None of them can acquire the secret unless they mutuallg collaborate and each receiver has the same authority for getting the sender′s secret.The receivers have the same probability to get the original secret and the probability is 1.

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We present a quantum information splitting(QIS) protocol by using four-particle entangled states in which quantum Alice shares a secret key with three classical parties,Bob,Charlie and David.None of them can acquire the secret unless they mutuallg collaborate and each receiver has the same authority for getting the sender′s secret.The receivers have the same probability to get the original secret and the probability is 1.
Quantum information splitting(QIS) or quantum state sharing is the generalization of classical secret sharing schemes to the quantum scenario.In QIS,a piece of quantum information(in the form of a quantum state) is divided and distributed to a number of receivers.A scheme of splitting two-qubit states was proposed by using six-particle maximally entangled state as the quantum channel.Alice first performs two Bell-basis measurement and announces her measurement outcome and assigns Charlie(Bob) to reconstruct the original unknown state.If the controllers Bob(Charlie) agree to help Charlie(Bob) obtain the original state,they should perform single-particle measurements on their respective qubits.After the sender performs Bell-basis measurements on her particles,and the cooperators operate single-particle measurements on their particles,the state receiver can reconstruct the original state of the sender by applying the appropriate unitary operation.
A scheme is proposed for quantum information splitting of a two-qubit Bell state by using a four-qubit entangled state as a quantum channel. In the scenario, it is supposed that there are three legitimate parties, say Alice, Bob and Charlie. Alice is the sender of quantum information. Bob and Charlie are two agents. Alice first performs GHZ state measurement and tells Bob and Charlie the measurement results via a classical channel. It is impossible for Bob to reconstruct the original state with local operations unless help is obtained from Charlie. If Charlie allows Bob to reconstruct the original state information, he needs to perform a single-qubit measurement and tell Bob the measurement result. Using the measurement results from Alice and Charlie, Bob can reconstruct the original state. We also consider the problem of security attacks. This protocol is considered to be secure.
We describe a protocol for quantum information splitting (QIS) of a restricted class of three-qubit states among three parties Alice, Bob and Charlie, using a pair of GHZ states as the quantum channel. There are two different forms of this three-qubit state that is used for QIS depending on the distribution of the particles among the three parties. There is also a special type of four-qubit state that can be used for QIS using the above channel. We explicitly construct the quantum channel, Alice's measurement basis and the analytic form of the unitary operations required by the receiver for such a purpose.
A scheme is presented for quantum information splitting of an unknown two-particle entangled state by using five-particle cluster state as the quantum channel.The sender(Alice),the receiver(Bob) and the controller(Charlie) share the quantum channel.The sender Alice sends the quantum information to the receiver Bob,anyone can not obtain the quantum information,unless they cooperate with each other.The receiver can reconstruct two-particle entangled state by performing appropriate unitary transformations on his qubits after the sender and controller perform the appropriate measurements on their qubits.respectively.
A scheme is proposed for quantum information splitting(QIS) of a product state of an arbitrary single-qubit state with three-qubit GHZ states.The scheme focuses on a product state of an arbitrary single-qubit state,and the original state can be reconstructed only if the receivers cooperate with each other.Every receiver has the same authority for getting the sender's secret,and the receivers have the same probability to get the original secret,the probability to gain |φ〉_a is obtained as 2|β_b|~2,the probability to gain |φ〉_b is obtained as 2|β_a|~2.