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ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA

A Differential Phase Shift Key Distribution QKD System Combing with Efficient BB84 Scheme

Songhao Liu

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

A novel phase modulated quantum key distribution scheme with high security,which is combined differential phase shift quantum key distribution (DPS-QKD) with efficient BB84 scheme,is proposed.Alice chooses phase in {0,π/2,π,3π/2} randomly to modulate the phase of signal pulses and Bob do it in {0,π/2}.The system is designed to demonstrate its feasibility,which features perfect stability with a QBER less than 5% during 85-km fiber transmission.

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A novel phase modulated quantum key distribution scheme with high security,which is combined differential phase shift quantum key distribution (DPS-QKD) with efficient BB84 scheme,is proposed.Alice chooses phase in {0,π/2,π,3π/2} randomly to modulate the phase of signal pulses and Bob do it in {0,π/2}.The system is designed to demonstrate its feasibility,which features perfect stability with a QBER less than 5% during 85-km fiber transmission.
A quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme named differential-quadrature-phase-shift (DQPS) QKD is presented. A transmitter sends a weak coherent pulse train with a phase of {0, π}{ π/2. 3π /2} for each pulse, and a receiver measures it with either one of two delay interferometers respectively having bias phases of 0 and π/2. The scheme introduces the idea of the BB84 protocol into differential-phase-shift (DPS) QKD, making the system robust against a sequential attack, and may guarantee the unconditional security as in BB84.
This paper presents novel quantum key distribution (QKD) schemes that use differential phases of sequential pulses as an information carrier. Alice sends a photon in a linear superposition state of three temporal slots, in which each amplitude is phase-modulated by {0,π}. Bob measures the phase difference of an asymmetric interferometer, and tells Alice time-instance at which the photon was counted. From this time information and her modulation data, Alice knows which detector counted the photon in Bob s site. Then, the two parties create a secret key. The scheme is suitable for fiber transmission systems and offers key creation efficiency higher than conventional phase-encoding QKD. The above scheme utilizes fully non-orthogonal four states. Differential phase shift QKD utilizing two non-orthogonal states is also presented. Alice sends a coherent pulse train with less than one photon per pulse, which is phase modulated by {0,π} for each pulse, and Bob measures the pulse train by a one-bit delay circuit. The system has a simple configuration such that Alice has no interferometer and sends no intense reference pulse, unlike to conventional QKD scheme using two non-orthogonal states, and also has an advantage of high key creation efficiency.
Differential phase-shift (DPS) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a unique QKD protocol that is different from traditional ones, featuring simplicity and practicality. In this work, we simulated the DPS-QKD experiment conducted by (Liu et al., 2013), using OptiSystem 7. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first simulation work on DPS-QKD using a single photon source.We used a random number generator to get the phase modulation pattern of N=5, 7,9,11 and 13, while for the 3 and 15 pulse cases, the pattern adopted in the experiment was used. When the number of pulse (N) was 3, a quantum bit error rate (QBER) of 3.0%, which is lower than the minimum QBER of 4.12% required for unconditional security, was obtained. The key creation efficiency increases with the increase in the number of pulse up to 15, as it reaches 93.4% but at the expense of the increment in QBER. The result of our simulation is, on some aspect, in agreement with the experimental result. However, we were able to extend the transmission distance from 3 meter, as in the experiment, to 10 meter. The coincidence count obtained was also in total agreement with the one obtained from the experiment. The result of the average QBER indicated that increase in the pulse number N causes the QBER to raise up due to longer rise and fall time of phase modulation step which affect the MZ inference. Therefore, we suggest using a faster waveform generator with shorter rise and fall times will remarkably lower the QBER. Extending the transmission coverage to a longer distance while, at the same time reducing the QBER with full unconditional security will part of the future research.
We present an improved differential phase shift quantum key distribution schemewhich features auto-compensation，high efficiency，and excellent practicality. Alice modulates continuous laser using an intensity modulator based on polarization to generate coherent pulse train. Bob employs a Fraday-Michelson interferometer instead of a traditional M-Z interferometer，which automatically compensates for the polarization mode dispersion caused by the changes of environment and improves the stability of the interference visibility. The present scheme not only has a simpler configuration，but also offers a higher key creation efficiency than traditional schemes. Furthermore，it enhances the security of the system. With the proposed experimental setup，a stable quantum key distribution was performed over 80km fiber with a quantum bit-error rate of less than 4%.
We propose and demonstrate an improved differential phase shift key distribution scheme. Alice uses a pulsed laser source and two cascaded fiber loops to get coherent pulses, then modulates them randomly under differential phase shift scheme, which compensates for the random polarization mode dispersion and phase shift. An interferometer made up of two Faraday mirrors is employed to detect single photon under gate mode. In one-way transmission, QKD is free from Trojan attack. Our experiment at setup can work stably for a long time (at least 24h) with an error ratio of 3%. The stable scheme is efficient, economical and favorable for practical application.