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Chinese journal of atomic and molecular physics

Experimental investigation of electromagnetically induced transparency in D_2 line of hot and cold ~(85)Rb atoms

Ke Li

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We performed a comprehensive experimental study of electromagnetically induced transparency in three-level atomic system of 85Rb D2 line. Probe absorption profiles with different coupling intensity are obtained, and the comparisons are made between electromagnetically induced transparency spectra of hot atoms contained in vapor cell and cold atoms confined in magneto - optical trap.

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•Oct 1, 2008•0 citations
We performed a comprehensive experimental study of electromagnetically induced transparency in three-level atomic system of 85Rb D2 line. Probe absorption profiles with different coupling intensity are obtained, and the comparisons are made between electromagnetically induced transparency spectra of hot atoms contained in vapor cell and cold atoms confined in magneto - optical trap.
We have theoretically and experimentally investigated the V-type three-level system in hot sodium atomic vapor interacting with two optical waves: probe, resonant to the D1 line, and coupling, the D2 line. Theoretically, probe transmission spectra are simulated by using a perturbative treatment including eight hyperfine levels (multilevel system) in the 3S1/2, 3P1/2, and 3P3/2 states. The spectra are composed of linear absorption, saturated absorption, and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) signals. By comparing this simulation with the experimental results, we concluded that we have indeed observed EIT signals when the coupling beam is resonant to the D2-line closed transition.
We report experimental studies of electromagnetically induced transparency in Λ-type and ladder-type atomic systems realized in 87Rb atoms cooled and confined in a magneto-optical trap. Complete transparency is observed in the Λ-type system with a moderate coupling field. Comparison between the two systems reveals that at the line center of a weak probe transition, destructive interference occurs for the Λ-type system, whereas constructive interference occurs for the ladder-type system. We discuss conditions of complete transparency in the Λ-type system that contains hyperfine magnetic sublevels. Our experimental measurements for the two systems agree with theoretical calculations based on simple three-level Λ-type and ladder-type models.
Observation of dual electromagnetically induced transparencies in cold 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb atoms
We have observed two dual electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra in probe transmission through cold 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb atoms trapped in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). These dual EIT peaks are generated in two different N-systems formed by probe, coupling and control beams interacting with different levels in D2D_{2}D2​ line transitions of 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb atom. The dependence of spectral features of two N-systems on driving beams (\textit{i.e.} coupling and control beams) strength and detuning has been investigated. The results show that the dual EIT spectral features in both the N-systems can be manipulated by varying the strength and detuning of both the driving beams. The two N-systems have been modelled theoretically using a density matrix formalism and results have shown a reasonable agreement with the experimental observations.
Absorption spectra of cold caesium atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap are measured around D 2 line at 852nm with a weak probe beam. Absorption reduction dip due to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect induced by the cooling/trapping field in a V-type three-level system and a gain peak near the cycling transition are clearly observed. Several mechanisms mixed with EIT effect in a normal V-type three-level system are briefly discussed. A simple theoretical analysis based on a dressed-state model is presented for interpretation of the absorption spectra.
Abstract We have investigated two N-systems in D 2 line transition of 87 Rb atoms theoretically and experimentally. The study has been carried out with cold 87 Rb atoms trapped in a magneto-optical trap. Each N-system has shown dual electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) structure in probe transmission, which is qualitatively explained using dressed-state picture. The dependence of spectral features of N-systems on coupling and control beams strength and detuning has been investigated. The results show that the dual EIT spectral features in both the N-systems can be manipulated by varying the strength and detuning of coupling and control beams. The numerical modeling of the systems using density matrix formalism also explains the experimentally observed results.
This dissertation reports experimental studies of nonlinear optical effects manifested by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in cold Rb atoms. The cold Rb atoms are confined in a magneto-optic trap (MOT) obtained with the standard laser cooling and trapping technique. Because of the near zero Doppler shift and a high phase density, the cold Rb sample is well suited for studies of atomic coherence and interference and related applications, and the experiments can be compared quantitatively with theoretical calculations. It is shown that with EIT induced in the multi-level Rb system by laser fields, the linear absorption is suppressed and the nonlinear susceptibility is enhanced, which enables studies of nonlinear optics in the cold atoms with slow photons and at low light intensities. Three independent experiments are described and the experimental results are presented. First, an experimental method that can produce simultaneously co-propagating slow and fast light pulses is discussed and the experimental demonstration is reported. Second, it is shown that in a three-level Rb system coupled by multi-color laser fields, the multi-channel two-photon Raman transitions can be manipulated by the relative phase and frequency of a control laser field. Third, a scheme for all-optical switching near single photon levels is developed. The scheme is based on the phase-dependent multi-photon interference in a coherently coupled four-level system. The phase dependent multi-photon interference is observed and switching of a single light pulse by a control pulse containing ∼20 photons is demonstrated. These experimental studies reveal new phenomena manifested by quantum coherence and interference in cold atoms, contribute to the advancement of fundamental quantum optics and nonlinear optics at ultra-low light intensities, and may lead to the development of new techniques to control quantum states of atoms and photons, which will be useful for applications in quantum measurements and quantum photonic devices.