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Journal of Shanxi University

Nonclassical Light Fields and Their Application in Quantum Information

Kunchi Peng

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We briefly summarized the experimental generation scheme of the optical entangle states for continuous variables and their applications in quantum teleportation,quantum dense coding,controlled dense coding,entanglement swapping and quantum communication network.

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A variety of optical quantum information networks based on the multipartite entanglement of amplitude and phase quadratures of an electromagnetic field have been proposed and experimentally realized in recent years. The multipartite entanglement of optical continuous variables provides flexible and reliable quantum resources for developing unconditional quantum information networks. In this paper, we review the generation schemes of the multipartite entangled states of optical continuous quantum variables and some applications in the quantum communication networks with emphasis on the experimental implementations.
This dissertation consists of three sections. In the first section, we discuss the generation \nof arbitrary two-qubit entangled states and present three generation methods. \nThe first method is based on the interaction of an atom with classical and quantized \ncavity fields. The second method is based on the interaction of two coupled two-level \natoms with a laser field. In the last method, we use two spin-1/2 systems which \ninteract with a tuned radio frequency pulse. Using those methods we have generated \ntwo qubit arbitrary entangled states which is widely used in quantum computing and \nquantum information. In the second section, we discuss a possible experimental implementation \nof quantum walk which is based on the passage of an atom through a \nhigh-Q cavity. The chirality is determined by the atomic states and the displacement \nis characterized by the photon number inside the cavity. Our scheme makes quantum \nwalk possible in a cavity QED system and the results could be widely used on \nquantum computer. In the last section, we investigate the properties of teleporting \nan arbitrary superposition of entangled Dicke states of any number of atoms (qubits) \nbetween two distant cavities. We also studied teleporting continuous variables of an \noptical field. Teleportation of Dicke states relies on adiabatic passage using multiatom \ndark states in each cavity and a conditional detection of photons leaking out of both cavities. In the continuous variables teleportation scheme we first reformulate \nthe protocol of quantum teleportation of arbitrary input optical field states in \nthe density matrix form, and established the relation between the P-function of the \ninput and output states. We then present a condition involving squeeze parameter \nand detection efficiency under which the P-function of the output state becomes the \nQ function of the input state such that any nonclassical features in the input state \nwill be eliminated in the teleported state. Based on the research in this section we \nhave made it possible of arbitrary atomic Dicke states teleportation from one cavity \nto another, and this teleortation will play an essential role in quantum communication. \nSince quantum properties is so important in quantum communication, the \ncondition we give in this section to distinguish classical and quantum teleportation is \nalso important.
We present a very brief overview of entanglement swapping as it relates to continuous-variable quantum information. The technical background required is discussed and the natural link to quantum teleportation is established before discussing the nature of Gaussian entanglement swapping. The limitations of Gaussian swapping are introduced, along with the general applications of swapping in the context of to quantum communication and entanglement distribution. In light of this, we briefly summarize a collection of entanglement swapping schemes which incorporate a non-Gaussian ingredient and the benefits of such schemes are noted. Finally, we motivate the need to further study and develop such schemes by highlighting requirements of a continuous-variable repeater.
Non-classical states of light, which include squeezed and entangled states of light, are the cornerstone of quantum mechanics and quantum information sciences. To date, non-classical states of light with much higher quality than before are required to develop high-fidelity quantum information processing and high-precision quantum metrology. Squeezed and entangled states with approximately 10 dB noise below the corresponding shot noise limit have been generated using a series of methods, which means that the noise variance reaches a few percent of the vacuum noise. Quantum teleportation, which means transferring an unknown quantum state from a sending station to a distant receiving station supported by entangled states, is the foundation of quantum computation and quantum communication networks. Quantum teleportation in continuous variable regions is unconditional because the entangled states used are always deterministic. The quantum teleportation distance was recently extended to the order of kilometers, which paves the way for constructing a practical quantum information network.