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Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

Frequency stabilization of 480 nm laser using two-photon DAVLL

Peng Xu, Chen Xii, Wang Jin, Mingsheng Zhan

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Frequency stabilization of a diode laser at 480 nm is crucial for coherently exciting rubidium atoms to Rydberg states.A laser frequency stabilization technique is reported based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a ladder configuration with a polarization spectrum stabilized 780 nm diode laser as the probe laser and a 480 nm laser as the coupling laser.With a uniform magnetic field,a two-photon dichroic atomic vapor laser lock(DAVLL) spectroscopy was generated.Then this spectroscopy was fed back through two proportion-integral-differential circuits to lock the 480 nm diode laser.A combined linewidth of about 1 MHz is achieved during the locking period.

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Frequency stabilization of a diode laser at 480 nm is crucial for coherently exciting rubidium atoms to Rydberg states.A laser frequency stabilization technique is reported based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a ladder configuration with a polarization spectrum stabilized 780 nm diode laser as the probe laser and a 480 nm laser as the coupling laser.With a uniform magnetic field,a two-photon dichroic atomic vapor laser lock(DAVLL) spectroscopy was generated.Then this spectroscopy was fed back through two proportion-integral-differential circuits to lock the 480 nm diode laser.A combined linewidth of about 1 MHz is achieved during the locking period.
We report the frequency stabilization of a diode laser by applying the dichroic-atomic-vapor laser lock (DAVLL) method to a thin Rb vapor cell. A 1-mm-long Rb vapor cell is used to obtain a sub-Doppler spectrum that is required for frequency locking, which is easier than in the case of using a saturated absorption spectrometer. A 794-nm diode laser is tuned to the Rb D 1 line, and sub-Doppler signals are observed by introducing a pumping beam and a probe beam in a perpendicular direction. We obtain error signals by subtracting the signals of σ+ polarized beams from that of σ- polarized beams in the presence of a magnetic field and stabilized the 794 nm diode laser frequency without modulating laser parameters. The stability of the 794-nm diode laser is evaluated using other independently stabilized diode laser.
We propose a new technique for measuring the frequency stability of cw laser radiation. The technique relies on using the laser to be tested as a coupling laser in a scheme of electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT), either on a or a ladder system. A second, frequency tunable laser (stabilization of this laser is not needed) is used both to act as the EIT probe laser, and to form an atomic frequency reference spectrum. The frequency stability is monitored via the frequency deviation of the EIT resonance with respect to an atomic reference frequency. We also present an improved dichroic atomic vapor laser lock (DAVLL) method for frequency stabilization based on a nanocell with a thickness.
A robust laser-frequency-locking scheme to atomic transitions is proposed and demonstrated. In this scheme, dispersion of the Zeeman-shifted atoms instead of absorption in the dichroic atomic vapor laser lock (DAVLL) [Appl. Opt.37, 3295 (1998)] is measured and used as an error signal for stabilization feedback. The error signal of the proposed scheme can provide a wide locking range. Experimental demonstration with the transition between 5d 2D3/2 and 6p 2P1/2 of Ba+ is carried out for a grating feedback external-cavity laser diode at 650 nm.
We demonstrate a technique to lock the frequency of a laser to a transition between two excited states in Rb vapor using a two-photon process in the presence of a weak magnetic field. We use a ladder configuration from specific hyperfine sublevels of the 5S1/2, 5P3/2, and 5D5/2 levels. This atomic configuration can show electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption processes. The error signal comes from the difference in the transparency or absorption felt by the two orthogonal polarizations of the probe beam. A simplified model is in good quantitative agreement with the observed signals for the experimental parameters. We have used this technique to lock the frequency of the laser up to 1.5 GHz off atomic resonance.
We propose a technique for frequency locking a laser to the Zeeman sublevel transitions between the 5P3/2 intermediate and 32D5/2 Rydberg states in 87Rb. This method allows for continuous frequency tuning over 0.6 GHz by varying an applied external magnetic field. In the presence of the applied field, the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectrum of an atomic vapor splits via the Zeeman effect according to the strength of the magnetic field and the polarization of the pump and probe lasers. We show that the 480 nm pump laser, responsible for transitions between the Zeeman sublevels of the intermediate state and the Rydberg state, can be locked to the Zeeman-split EIT peaks. The short-term frequency stability of the laser lock is 0.15 MHz, and the long-term stability is within 0.5 MHz. The linewidth of the laser lock is ∼0.8 and ∼1.8 MHz in the presence and absence of the external magnetic field, respectively. In addition, we show that in the absence of an applied magnetic field and adequate shielding, the frequency shift of the lock point has a peak-to-peak variation of 1.6 MHz depending on the polarization of the pump field, while when locked to Zeeman sublevels, this variation is reduced to 0.6 MHz. The proposed technique is useful for research involving Rydberg atoms, where large continuous tuning of the laser frequency with stable locking is required.
We develop a high-performance ultraviolet (UV) frequency stabilization technique implemented directly on UV diode lasers by combining the dichroic atomic vapor laser lock and the resonant transfer cavity lock. As an example, we demonstrate a stable locking with measured frequency standard deviations of approximately 200 kHz and 300 kHz for 399 nm and 370 nm diode lasers in 20 min. We achieve a long-term frequency drift of no more than 1 MHz for the target 370 nm laser within an hour, which is further verified with fluorescence count rates of a single trapped 171Yb+ ion. We also find strong linear correlations between lock points and environmental factors such as temperature and atmospheric pressure. Our approach provides a simple and stable solution at a relatively low cost, and features flexible control, high feedback bandwidth and minimal power consumption of the target UV laser.