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Acta Physica Sinica

TIME CHARACTERISTICS OF PHASE FLUCTUATION AND COHERENCE OF A COHERENT FIELD INTERACTING WITH AN ATOM

Fan A, Z Wang, Nian X. Sun

Published Jan 1, 1995• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Based on the phase formalism of Pegg-Barnett and the quantum theory of opti. cal coherence of Glauber, the time characteristics of quantum phase fluctuation, quantum coherence and photon-number distribution of a coherent field interacting with a two-level atom in a ideal cavity are studied using dressed-atom states. The calculated results show that, in the case of resonant interaction of the atom and field, the atom acts as non-linear filter; quantum phase property and coherence of the field are also complementary in the way of description on optical incoherence.

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Based on the phase formalism of Pegg-Barnett and the quantum theory of opti. cal coherence of Glauber, the time characteristics of quantum phase fluctuation, quantum coherence and photon-number distribution of a coherent field interacting with a two-level atom in a ideal cavity are studied using dressed-atom states. The calculated results show that, in the case of resonant interaction of the atom and field, the atom acts as non-linear filter; quantum phase property and coherence of the field are also complementary in the way of description on optical incoherence.
It is pointed out here that quantum phase properties, as well as dynamical properties, of light exhibit a sensitivity to the relative phase between the atomic dipole and light when the atom is prepared in a coherent superposition of its states in the two-level Jaynes-Cummings model interacting with a coherent state of light. The existence of the coherent-trapping of light is demonstrated by looking not only at the variance of the light phase about the coherent state value, and the number-phase uncertainty relation, but also at the factorization of the electric-field operator, and the photon-number distribution. We find also the factorization expression of the compound state of the atom-field system. We show once more that the phase properties of light based on the phase operator formalism of Pegg-Barnett and the coherence properties of light based on the coherence theory of Glauber are complementary in description of the optical quantum coherence.
The phase properties in the system of the coupling two-level atoms interacting with squeezed coherent-state light-field is studied from the point of the Pegg-Barnett phase theory. The phase probability distribution and the phase fluctuation are investigated. Meanwhile, the influence of the field amplitude, the compressed parameter, and the coupling coefficient between atoms on the phase properties is also discussed. The results show that the phase probability distribution presents three-peak Gaussian configuration. The maximum of the phase probability distribution lies at the point of the zero phase arid the phase fluctuation is small, while at other place the value of the phase probability distribution is relatively small and vibrates easily. At the same time, because of the influence of light-field squeezing effect, the phase probability distribution is different from that of coherent-state field.
A quantum optics model is considered where the cavity field interacts with two coupled atoms. The time-dependent wave function is obtained and used to derive the density matrix from which we discussed some statistical properties for the present system. The atom-atom entanglement, atoms-cavity entanglement, entropy and variance squeezing, the Pegg-Barrnet phase and the fidelity are discussed with the effects of the initial conditions, atom-atom coupling and the detuning parameter displayed. It is shown that an increase in the value of the atom-atom coupling parameter leads to an increase in the degree of entanglement. Numerical results show that under some conditions the phenomena of entanglement and the collapses and the revivals emerge. Nonclassical properties are demonstrated by means of the field quantum statistical characteristics, such as photon-number distribution, Husimi, Wigner and Glauber-Sudarshan quasidistributions and the corresponding variances.