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Journal of Shanxi University

The Berry Phase of J-C Model

Qingguo Zhang

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The time-dependent gauge transformation can be applyed to the J-C model which is a full quantumized model to describe a two-level atom interact with single model elecromagnetic field.The results indicate that the non-adiabatic approximation berry-phase of this system is linear with the average of photon number operator.

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We study the dynamics of a quantum system with a time-dependent Hamiltonian which is given by a linear combination of SU(1,1) generators and coupled with a heat bath. An effective Hamiltonian of this dissipative system is derived. With the help of a time-dependent gauge transformation, we obtain the exact solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, from which the time-evolution operator and the non-adiabatic and adiabatic Berry phases, which depend on time, are calculated explicitly. In the weak dissipation limit, an additional term besides the original Berry phase is found. The additional phase does not have a geometrical meaning due to the dissipation.
We study the adiabatic evolution of a two-level model in the presence of an external classical electric field. The coupling between the quantum model and the classical field is taken in the electric dipole approximation. In this regime, we show the absence of geometric phases in the interacting two-level model in the presence of any periodic real time-dependent classical electric field. We obtain a conservative scalar potential in the calculation of Berry's phases of the instantaneous eigenstates of the model. For complex electric fields, we recover the existence of geometric phases. In particular, the geometric phases of the instantaneous eigenstates of the model in the presence of a positive or of a negative frequency component of the monochromatic electric field differ by an overall sign. As a check on our results, we map this interacting two-level model onto a spin-1/2 model under the action of a classical magnetic field. We confirm that the first one acquires Berry's phase only in the rotating wave approximation [RWA].
We study the adiabatic evolution of a two-level model in the presence of an external classical electric field. The coupling between the quantum model and the classical field is taken in the electric dipole approximation. In this regime, we show the absence of geometric phases in the interacting two-level model in the presence of any periodic real time-dependent classical electric field. We obtain a conservative scalar potential in the calculation of Berry's phases of the instantaneous eigenstates of the model. For complex electric fields, we recover the existence of geometric phases. In particular, the geometric phases of the instantaneous eigenstates of the model in the presence of a positive or of a negative frequency component of the monochromatic electric field differ by an overall sign. As a check on our results, we map this interacting two-level model onto a spin-1/2 model under the action of a classical magnetic field. We confirm that the first one acquires Berry's phase only in the rotating wave approximation [RWA].
We derive the adiabatic and non-adiabatic Berry phases in the generalized Jaynes—Cummings model of multi-photon process. The results show that the adiabatic Berry phase is kept a constant π independent of all the parameters, while the non-adiabatic approximate Berry phase is parameter-dependent, proportional to the average photon number m, and tends to be constant with the increasing detuning. In the case of exact n-photon resonance and an integer ratio of m/n, the two results coincide with each other, otherwise there appears an additional non-trivial phase factor.