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Excitation Spectra of Mott-insulator Phases of ~7Li Atoms in an Optical Lattice

Yongmei Zhang

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
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Abstract

In this paper,the excitation spectra of quasiparticles and quasiholes in Mott-insulator phase of 7Li atoms which have an attractive two-body interaction in an optical lattice are discussed when the repulsive three-body interaction is considered.It is concluded that with the increase of the repulsive three-body interaction,the energy of quasiparticles is increased and the energy of quasiholes is decreased. For a low filling factor of atoms,the energy of quasiholes is decreased slightly.With the increase of the filling factor of atoms,the energy of quasiholes is decreased remarkably.

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In this paper,the excitation spectra of quasiparticles and quasiholes in Mott-insulator phase of 7Li atoms which have an attractive two-body interaction in an optical lattice are discussed when the repulsive three-body interaction is considered.It is concluded that with the increase of the repulsive three-body interaction,the energy of quasiparticles is increased and the energy of quasiholes is decreased. For a low filling factor of atoms,the energy of quasiholes is decreased slightly.With the increase of the filling factor of atoms,the energy of quasiholes is decreased remarkably.
We investigate the effects of a repulsive three-body interaction on the Mott transition of the repulsively interacting three-component fermionic atoms in optical lattices by means of the self-energy functional approach. We find that the three-body repulsion hardly affects the qualitative features of the Mott transition, because the three-body repulsion does not compete with the two-body repulsions. When the three-body repulsion is extremely strong, the triple occupancy vanishes in the Fermi liquid state. This situation is equivalent to that caused by strong three-body losses. Our results imply that three-body losses have little influence on the Mott transitions in the repulsively interacting three-component fermionic atoms in optical lattices.
We prepare and study a metastable attractive Mott-insulator state formed with bosonic atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice. Starting from a Mott insulator with Cs atoms at weak repulsive interactions, we use a magnetic Feshbach resonance to tune the interactions to large attractive values and produce a metastable state pinned by attractive interactions with a lifetime on the order of 10 s. We probe the (de)excitation spectrum via lattice modulation spectroscopy, measuring the interaction dependence of two- and three-body bound-state energies. As a result of increased on-site three-body loss we observe resonance broadening and suppression of tunneling processes that produce three-body occupation.
We study the quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator of ultracold atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice with adjustable filling factors. Based on the density-adjustable Bose–Einstein condensate we prepared, the excitation spectrum in the superfluid and the Mott insulator regime is measured with different ensemble-averaged filling factors. We show that for the superfluid phase, the center of the excitation spectrum is positively correlated with the ensemble-averaged filling factor, indicating a higher sound speed of the system. For the Mott insulator phase, the discrete feature of the excitation spectrum becomes less pronounced as the ensemble-averaged filling factor increases, implying that it is harder for the system to enter the Mott insulator regime with higher filling factors. The ability to manipulate the filling factor affords further potential in performing quantum simulation with cold atoms trapped in optical lattices.