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Computer Engineering and Applications Journal

Controllable quantum secret sharing scheme on three-party entangled state

Hongyang Ma, Shumei Wang, Ran Li

Published Jan 1, 2009• 5 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Controllable quantum secret sharing scheme on three -party entangled states can be implemented in realistic,high quantum network with three quantum units.S1,S2,S3 construct a three-party entangled state.S1 prepares 2N GHZ-like state,and sends S2 and S3 the last two particles,respectively.At last,S1,S2,S3 check together,derive the private key string through hidden value α.The scheme analyzes the security of the protocol for two cases of attacks,where one is an eavesdropping by Eve,and the other is the intercept-and-resend attack by a dishonest person.The three-party entangled state guarantees the security of the controllable secret sharing scheme.

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Controllable quantum secret sharing scheme on three -party entangled states can be implemented in realistic,high quantum network with three quantum units.S1,S2,S3 construct a three-party entangled state.S1 prepares 2N GHZ-like state,and sends S2 and S3 the last two particles,respectively.At last,S1,S2,S3 check together,derive the private key string through hidden value α.The scheme analyzes the security of the protocol for two cases of attacks,where one is an eavesdropping by Eve,and the other is the intercept-and-resend attack by a dishonest person.The three-party entangled state guarantees the security of the controllable secret sharing scheme.
Multi-party quantum secret sharing scheme with high efficient based on entanglement states is proposed and analyzed. A three-party which is presented shares a sequence of joint key bits. In this scheme, a general proof of the security against eavesdropping for three-party quantum secret sharing based on entanglement swapping is provided. The scheme which is showed is secure against a dishonest participant's intercept-and-resend attack and eavesdropper's entangle auxiliary-particles attack. In case of eavesdropping attacks with full information again, the detection bit needs to be transmitted except those for detection, the total efficiency of the scheme approaches to 100%. The protocol can be generalized to N-party system by using N-partite entanglement states.
Security of the three-party quantum secret sharing (QSS) schemes based on entanglement and a collective eavesdropping check is analyzed in the case of considerable quantum channel losses. An opaque attack scheme is presented for the dishonest agent to eavesdrop the message obtained by the other agent freely, which reveals that these QSS schemes are insecure for transmission efficiencies lower than 50%, especially when they are used to share an unknown quantum state. Finally, we present a general way to improve the security of QSS schemes for sharing not only a private key but also an unknown quantum state.
In this paper, we propose an efficient multi-party quantum secret sharing scheme based on GHZ entangled state. The participants in this scheme are divided into two groups, and share secrets as a group. There is no need to exchange any measurement information between the two groups, reducing the security problems caused by the communication process. Each participant holds one particle from each GHZ state; it can be found that the particles of each GHZ state are related after measuring them, and the eavesdropping detection can detect external attacks based on this characteristic. Furthermore, since the participants within the two groups encode the measured particles, they can recover the same secrets. Security analysis shows that the protocol can resist the intercept-and-resend attack and entanglement measurement attack, and the simulation results show that the probability of an external attacker being detected is proportional to the amount of information he can obtain. Compared with the existing protocols, this proposed protocol is more secure, has less quantum resources and is more practical.
We develop a three-party quantum secret sharing protocol based on arbitrary dimensional quantum states. In contrast to the previous quantum secret sharing protocols, the sender can always control the state, just using local operations, for adjusting the correlation of measurement directions of three parties and thus there is no waste of resource due to the discord between the directions. Moreover, our protocol contains the hidden value which enables the sender to leak no information of secret key to the dishonest receiver until the last steps of the procedure.