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Journal of Nanjing Institute of Industry Technology

Discussion about Double-slit Interfering Strips under Different Conditions

Jigang Xie

Published Jan 1, 2003• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Based on T. Young's double-slit interfering experiment, this article discusses the changes of the interfering strips under several different experimental conditions.

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Young’s double-slit experiment is usually analyzed in terms of propagation before and after the slits, while the physical interaction of light with the material forming the slit receives less attention. In an ordinary double slit, the complete structure is geometrically symmetric, but each individual slit is locally asymmetric: one side faces the narrow central strip and the other faces the much wider outer material. This observation motivates a simpler experiment in which the two sides of a single slit are deliberately made physically different. We constructed a single asymmetric slit using copper foil on one side and stainless-steel foil on the other. Both foils were 0.1 mm thick. A green laser passing through the slit produced an asymmetric fringe pattern. Because the two sides of the slit were assembled separately, geometrical imperfections, including small differences in alignment, could not be excluded as a possible source of the observed asymmetry. We therefore performed a flip experiment. The complete slit assembly was rotated by 180°, exchanging the positions of the copper and stainless-steel sides while preserving the relative geometry of the assembled slit. The asymmetry of the observed pattern reversed correspondingly. This behavior was reproduced with multiple slit assemblies and repeated flip measurements. The experiment does not by itself determine the physical mechanism responsible for the observed asymmetry. We propose that the different materials on the two sides produce an asymmetric electromagnetic environment within and near the slit and that interaction with this local environment may contribute to the outgoing light distribution. The results therefore motivate treating the slit as a physical interaction region rather than solely as a geometrical boundary condition. They provide experimental support for including an in-slit stage in a global description of Young’s experiment.
The quantum interference phenomenon was observed in Young’s double-slit experiment using a single photon, and then, the validity of quantum mechanics was demonstrated. However, the reason these fringes appear has not been completely explained yet because photon motion has not been investigated in detail. We found a method to observe the motion of photons using the properties of optical fibers and showed vector diagrams of the photon motion near the double-slit. The photons gradually changed their direction while intersecting and formed interference fringes. In addition, utilizing the mode property of the fiber, we observed fringes at its output end, even when one of the two interfering waves could not transmit through the fiber.