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Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

The electromagnetically induced transparency and enhanced Kerr nonlinearity effect

Liqiang Wang

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

A theoretical investigation of the effect of spontaneously generated coherence and the applied laser field intensity on the electromagnetically induced transparency and Kerr nonlinearity is carried out.It is found,with spontaneously generated coherence present,the Kerr nonlinearity can be clearly enhanced is carried out,and the maximal Kerr nonlinearity does not only enter the electromagnetically induced transparency window as the spontaneously generated coherence intensitifies,but also gets enhanced about 10 times with large SGC coefficients than that with no SGC effect.In addition,the enhanced Kerr nonlinearity can also be obtained by decreasing the ratio of the coupling field intensity to the control field intensity.

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A theoretical investigation of the effect of spontaneously generated coherence and the applied laser field intensity on the electromagnetically induced transparency and Kerr nonlinearity is carried out.It is found,with spontaneously generated coherence present,the Kerr nonlinearity can be clearly enhanced is carried out,and the maximal Kerr nonlinearity does not only enter the electromagnetically induced transparency window as the spontaneously generated coherence intensitifies,but also gets enhanced about 10 times with large SGC coefficients than that with no SGC effect.In addition,the enhanced Kerr nonlinearity can also be obtained by decreasing the ratio of the coupling field intensity to the control field intensity.
A theoretical investigation is carried out into the effect of spontaneously generated coherence on the Kerr nonlinearity of general three-level systems of Lambda, ladder, and V-shape types. It is found, with spontaneously generated coherence present, that the Kerr nonlinearity can be clearly enhanced. In the Lambda- and ladder-type systems, the maximal Kerr nonlinearity increases and at the same time enters the electromagnetically induced transparency window as the spontaneously generated coherence intensifies. As for the V-type system, the absorption property is significantly modified and therefore enhanced Kerr nonlinearity without absorption occurs for certain probe detunings. We attribute the enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity mainly to the presence of an extra atomic coherence induced by the spontaneously generated coherence.
A theoretical investigation is carried out into the effect of spontaneously generated coherence on the Kerr nonlinearity of general three-level systems of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$, ladder, and V-shape types. It is found, with spontaneously generated coherence present, that the Kerr nonlinearity can be clearly enhanced. In the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$- and ladder-type systems, the maximal Kerr nonlinearity increases and at the same time enters the electromagnetically induced transparency window as the spontaneously generated coherence intensifies. As for the V-type system, the absorption property is significantly modified and therefore enhanced Kerr nonlinearity without absorption occurs for certain probe detunings. We attribute the enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity mainly to the presence of an extra atomic coherence induced by the spontaneously generated coherence.
A theoretical investigation is carried out into the effect of applied coherent fields on electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) and Kerr nonlinearity in the four-level Y-type energy atom system.It is found that the Absorption curve of the atom system changes from one EIT window to a gain interval which has two transparency points when the intensity of coupling field and pumping field changes from equality to inequality.The position of transparency points,the magnitude of gain value together with the width of gain interval are all closely connected with the changed Rabi frequency of applied fields.It is also found that Kerr nonlinearity is enhanced but accompanied by linear Absorption when applied fields are all weak and their relative intensity reduces.When the intensity of applied fields is enlarged,Kerr nonlinearity is enhanced significantly and its peak moves to the position of transparency point with the enlargement of their relative intensity.That is to say,giant Kerr nonlinearity accompanied by vanishing linear Absorption is obtained.Finally,we find that the effect of the intensity variation of the pumping field on the enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity is more remarkable than that of the coupling field.
In a three-level atomic system, the influences of spontaneously generated coherence on the linear absorption and the Kerr nonlinearity are investigated. Our studies show that properties of linear absorption can be dramatically affected by the effect of spontaneously generated coherence. With increase of intensities of spontaneously generated coherence, absorption inhibition will occur, and finally the atomic medium becomes transparent. Furthermore, we find that the Kerr nonlinearity can be obviously enhanced under the action of effects of spontaneously generated coherence. Comparing with traditional scheme of the electromagnetically induced transparency, absorption and Kerr nonlinearity can be controlled without need another driving field in our scheme.
This paper investigates the effects of spontaneously generated coherence(SGC) on the probe absorption in the Y-type four-level atomic system driven by three fields.It finds that the probe absorption at the resonance center shows the different phenomena with the SGC effects.When SGC produces the destructive interference on the probe absorption,the absorption at the resonance center is reduced with the SGC enhancement and the gain appears there.When SGC produces the constructive interference on the probe absorption,the absorption at the resonance center is enhanced with the SGC enhancement.That is electromagnetically induced absorption(being abbreviated EIA);the intensity of double electromagnetically induced transparency(being abbreviated EIT);at both sides of the resonance is increased,and the windows get wider.At the same time,the linewidth of the absorption at the resonance center becomes narrow and the transparent windows at both sides of the resonance get wider when the spontaneous decay rate of energy levels |3〉→|2〉 and 4〉→|2〉 is decreased at the ratio of the spontaneous decay rate of energy levels |3〉→|2〉 and |4〉→|2〉 being constant.
In this work, we present an analytical method to achieve giant Kerr nonlinearity without absorption in a five-level atomic medium. By using iterative perturbation technique on density matrix equations, we have derived the analytical expressions of nonlinear susceptibility and Kerr nonlinear coefficient in the presence of spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) and relative phase between applied laser fields. It shows that, this five-level atomic medium exhibits multiple electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) at three different frequencies, at the same time, the Kerr nonlinear coefficient is enhanced around three transparent spectral regions; in each such EIT region appears a pair of positive-negative peaks of Kerr nonlinear coefficient. In particular, these nonlinear peaks are moved to the center of the EIT windows via SGC. This means that the Kerr nonlinear coefficient is enhanced with completely suppressed absorption at different transparency frequencies. Furthermore, the magnitude and the sign of the Kerr nonlinear coefficient are easily controlled according to the SGC strength, the coupling laser intensity, and the relative phase between applied laser fields. Such a giant nonlinear medium can be useful for photonic devices working in the resonant frequency region without absorption. As a typical application, this giant Kerr nonlinear material has been applied to an interferometer for the formation of optical bistability, and showed the appearance of OB at the resonant frequency with significantly reduced threshold intensity and OB width.