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Acta Optica Sinica

Experimental study of the near-resonant stimulated conical emission in Na vapor

Hen W

Published Jan 1, 1984• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Using linearly polarized dye laser beam which is tuned between the doublet on Na to excite Na vapor, a conical emission with polarization perpendicular to that of the incident laser in the forward direction has been observed. Its spectrum and the time evolution are measured. The relation between this emission and the density of Na, the parameters of laser and the pressure of the buff re gas have been studied. This phenomena may be explained by considering the coupling of Rayleigh scattering and transient field of Na atom.

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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Apr 30, 1976•2 citations
Using linearly polarized dye laser beam which is tuned between the doublet on Na to excite Na vapor, a conical emission with polarization perpendicular to that of the incident laser in the forward direction has been observed. Its spectrum and the time evolution are measured. The relation between this emission and the density of Na, the parameters of laser and the pressure of the buff re gas have been studied. This phenomena may be explained by considering the coupling of Rayleigh scattering and transient field of Na atom.
The polarization properties of stimulated three-photon scattering in a three-level atomic system are presented. In our investigation of the stimulated emission spectrum of Na, we find that interference between the amplitudes of the resonant contributions of the Na doublet states results in interesting polarization phenomena. Particularly striking is the behavior when the laser is tuned near the dispersion-free point. With the laser linearly polarized the stimulated three-photon scattering is polarized perpendicular to the laser polarization. For circularly polarized excitation, total extinction of three-photon scattering is observed.
A detailed study on yellow conical emission observed in dense sodium vapor following near-resonant one-photon excitation of the Na 42P levels was performed. The origins of conical emission are suggested to be due to Raman resonant four-wave parametric mixing processes. In order to describe spectral and spatial features of off-axis emission, we introduce self-phase modulation and induced-phase modulation as important additional nonlinear processes, explaining the nonmonotonic detuning of the wavelength of the conical radiation with the exiting laser wavelength in the vicinity of resonance transitions. The spatial evolution of emission generated via four-wave mixing is modeled by solving the two-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation describing the spatial evolution of light beams in a nonlinear media. Experimental and theoretical results are presented and discussed.
An experimental and theoretical investigation is made of the angular spectrum of a near-resonant femtosecond laser pulse propagating through sodium vapor. A directional fluorescence emission corresponding to single-photon sodium transition $3S\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3{P}_{1∕2,3∕2}$ has been registered for the pump wavelength ranging from 540to605nm540\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}605\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}540to605nm. It is found that such emission can be detected under the conditions of single-photon (enhanced by two-photon) resonance of pump frequency with relevant atomic states. Theoretical treatment of the field-matter interaction by means of the nonperturbative (semiclassical) approach revealed conical components of the cylindrically symmetric beam spectrum originating both from the fluorescence induced by coherent atomic polarization and four-wave mixing.
We studied the conical emission in samarium (Sm) vapor under the near-resonant condition. The incident dye laser was tuned to the transition line, 4f66s2 7F→4f6(7F)6s6p(1P0)(λ=562.601 nm), of the Sm atom. Using a high-temperature oven, we could obtain the atomic density of 8×1014 atoms/cm3, large enough to observe the conical emission. We observed one to three rings around the original laser beam, and the number of the rings depended on the laser intensity, the laser wavelength, and the atomic density. These results are attributed to the self-phase modulation of the laser beam interacting with the near-resonant atomic medium. We give a simple expression that describes the dependence of the locations of the rings on the laser intensity. We compare the experimental results with this expression quantitatively and then estimate the nonlinear susceptibility of Sm vapor.
A report is given of the first quantitative study of the spontaneous and stimulated electronic Raman scattering by a resonance doublet of the sodium atom excited resonantly at the D 1 and D 2 lines by a tunable dye laser. Theoretical and experimental analyses of the differential scattering cross section and polarization properties at the Stokes and anti-Stokes frequencies show that the observed scattering is due to a nearly resonant process involving the ground state 3 S 1/2 as the dominant intermediate state. The stimulated Stokes and anti-Stokes scattering lines, which are shifted from the D 1 and D 2 lines by an amount corresponding to the frequency separation between lowest-lying excited doublets 3 P 1/2 and 3 P 3/2 , are observed by exciting a sodium vapor cell with a passively mode-locked dye laser.