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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Nonlinear resonance effects in atomic gases—spontaneous and stimulated electronic Raman scattering of Na atoms excited resonantly atDlines by a tunable dye laser

Masanori Jyumonji, T. Kobayasi, Humio Inaba

Published Apr 30, 1976• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A report is given of the first quantitative study of the spontaneous and stimulated electronic Raman scattering by a resonance doublet of the sodium atom excited resonantly at the D 1 and D 2 lines by a tunable dye laser. Theoretical and experimental analyses of the differential scattering cross section and polarization properties at the Stokes and anti-Stokes frequencies show that the observed scattering is due to a nearly resonant process involving the ground state 3 S 1/2 as the dominant intermediate state. The stimulated Stokes and anti-Stokes scattering lines, which are shifted from the D 1 and D 2 lines by an amount corresponding to the frequency separation between lowest-lying excited doublets 3 P 1/2 and 3 P 3/2 , are observed by exciting a sodium vapor cell with a passively mode-locked dye laser.

DOI
10.1070/qe1976v006n04abeh011144

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A report is given of the first quantitative study of the spontaneous and stimulated electronic Raman scattering by a resonance doublet of the sodium atom excited resonantly at the D 1 and D 2 lines by a tunable dye laser. Theoretical and experimental analyses of the differential scattering cross section and polarization properties at the Stokes and anti-Stokes frequencies show that the observed scattering is due to a nearly resonant process involving the ground state 3 S 1/2 as the dominant intermediate state. The stimulated Stokes and anti-Stokes scattering lines, which are shifted from the D 1 and D 2 lines by an amount corresponding to the frequency separation between lowest-lying excited doublets 3 P 1/2 and 3 P 3/2 , are observed by exciting a sodium vapor cell with a passively mode-locked dye laser.
We study how coherent Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman scattering influence coherent population trapping. In an experiment using an atomic sodium vapor cell we observe induced transparency, induced absorption, and gain features, all of subnatural linewidth. The electromagnetically induced resonance is a peak or a dip depending on which side of the optical transition the fields are tuned to, and thus whether coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering or coherent Stokes Raman scattering is the dominant process.
The nonlinear response of sodium vapor with a laser tuned near the 4D two-photon resonance is investigated over a large range of sodium concentrations and pump intensities with emphasis on the influence of coherent cancellation effects on the induced polarizations and the primary mechanism for the generation of the new frequencies. Over a wide range of circumstances, the response of the medium is dominated by parametric four-wave mixing as compared to amplified spontaneous emission or stimulated electronic hyper-Raman scattering. Secondary four-wave-mixing fields are generated by stimulated Raman scattering of one parametric four-wave-mixing field and a coupling of these fields with the driving laser field. A sharp onset of saturation of the parametric four-wave-mixing signals with sodium number density and a transition from a quadratic to a linear power dependence is observed. Both effects are explained in terms of the two-photon cancellation effect.