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Chinese Physics Letters

Excited state stimulated raman scattering from sodium vapor

Shumin Wang, Qian Shixiong, Yufen Li

Published Jan 1, 1989• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Under the near resonant radiation field-atom interaction in Na vapor, large population difference between 3 2 P 1/2 and 3 2 P 3/2 states was generated, then occurred the excited state stimulated Raman Scattering (ESSRS). By the sequential four-wave mixing (FWM) process, multi-line ESSRS and the buffer gas effect have been observed. A theory has been developed to explain the experimental results.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/6/1/004

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Under the near resonant radiation field-atom interaction in Na vapor, large population difference between 3 2 P 1/2 and 3 2 P 3/2 states was generated, then occurred the excited state stimulated Raman Scattering (ESSRS). By the sequential four-wave mixing (FWM) process, multi-line ESSRS and the buffer gas effect have been observed. A theory has been developed to explain the experimental results.
Two types of parametric four-wave mixing are observed when a single intense laser beam propagates through Na vapor near the D(1) and D(2) resonance lines. The first is related to three-photon scattering, while the second results from the coherent parametric interaction of the laser with excited-state Raman scattering. Identification of the two processes was greatly facilitated by the use of an optical multichannel detector system to observe the total emission spectrum for each individual laser pulse. The experimental conditions that determine whether stimulated emission or one or both of the four-wave mixing processes dominates the emission spectrum are described.
A report is given of the first quantitative study of the spontaneous and stimulated electronic Raman scattering by a resonance doublet of the sodium atom excited resonantly at the D 1 and D 2 lines by a tunable dye laser. Theoretical and experimental analyses of the differential scattering cross section and polarization properties at the Stokes and anti-Stokes frequencies show that the observed scattering is due to a nearly resonant process involving the ground state 3 S 1/2 as the dominant intermediate state. The stimulated Stokes and anti-Stokes scattering lines, which are shifted from the D 1 and D 2 lines by an amount corresponding to the frequency separation between lowest-lying excited doublets 3 P 1/2 and 3 P 3/2 , are observed by exciting a sodium vapor cell with a passively mode-locked dye laser.
The nonlinear response of sodium vapor with a laser tuned near the 4D two-photon resonance is investigated over a large range of sodium concentrations and pump intensities with emphasis on the influence of coherent cancellation effects on the induced polarizations and the primary mechanism for the generation of the new frequencies. Over a wide range of circumstances, the response of the medium is dominated by parametric four-wave mixing as compared to amplified spontaneous emission or stimulated electronic hyper-Raman scattering. Secondary four-wave-mixing fields are generated by stimulated Raman scattering of one parametric four-wave-mixing field and a coupling of these fields with the driving laser field. A sharp onset of saturation of the parametric four-wave-mixing signals with sodium number density and a transition from a quadratic to a linear power dependence is observed. Both effects are explained in terms of the two-photon cancellation effect.
The stimulated hyper-Raman scattering (SHRS) emissions associated with the excitation of the 4P 3/2 state in sodium vapour have been observed in both the forward and backward directions as the pumping laser was tuned near the 3S-4D two-photon resonance. The results show that though the forward SHRS process is greatly reduced by a destructive interference between it and the four-wave mixing (FWM) process induced by itself, the forward SHRS emission has a positive gain and can still be observed under a certain condition.